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<p>Growing concerns over tailings dam failures and their severe environmental and social consequences underscored the urgent need for innovative and sustainable management practices. This study investigates the geomechanical behavior of iron ore tailings reinforced with polypropylene fibers, with particular focus on post-peak performance under drained and undrained conditions. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including geotechnical and chemical characterizations, microstructural evaluations, compaction tests, and direct shear and triaxial tests. Results demonstrate that fiber reinforcement significantly enhances shear strength, stiffness, and dilatancy. In direct shear tests, the effective friction angle increased from 27° to 34°, with the emergence of apparent cohesion (c′ = 5&#xa0;kPa). Drained triaxial tests revealed increases in both effective friction angle (from 33° to 39°) and effective cohesion (from 28 to 103&#xa0;kPa) due to fiber interlocking. In undrained triaxial tests, reinforcement delayed strain localization, reduced pore pressure generation, and increased the friction angle from 33° to 43°. Mobilized friction angle analyses confirmed the transition from contractive to dilative behavior at ~ 28°, with reinforced samples showing enhanced dilation. Reinforcement also influenced stress–strain behavior by increasing stiffness (<i>E</i><sub>50</sub>) and delaying shear modulus (<i>G</i>) degradation, especially under higher strains. The increased radial-to-axial strain ratio (<i>ε</i><sub>r</sub>/<i>ε</i><sub>a</sub>) at large deformations demonstrated the mobilization of fiber resistance, contributing to improved post-peak stability. These findings highlight the potential of fiber-reinforced tailings as a technically viable and environmentally sustainable material for improving the performance and safety of dry-stacked tailings facilities.</p>

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Improving Post-Peak Strength and Stability of Fiber-Reinforced Iron Ore Tailings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • Juan Manuel Girao Sotomayor,
  • Michéle Dal Toé Casagrande,
  • Rodrigo Cesar Pierozan,
  • Giovanna Monique Alelvan

摘要

Growing concerns over tailings dam failures and their severe environmental and social consequences underscored the urgent need for innovative and sustainable management practices. This study investigates the geomechanical behavior of iron ore tailings reinforced with polypropylene fibers, with particular focus on post-peak performance under drained and undrained conditions. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including geotechnical and chemical characterizations, microstructural evaluations, compaction tests, and direct shear and triaxial tests. Results demonstrate that fiber reinforcement significantly enhances shear strength, stiffness, and dilatancy. In direct shear tests, the effective friction angle increased from 27° to 34°, with the emergence of apparent cohesion (c′ = 5 kPa). Drained triaxial tests revealed increases in both effective friction angle (from 33° to 39°) and effective cohesion (from 28 to 103 kPa) due to fiber interlocking. In undrained triaxial tests, reinforcement delayed strain localization, reduced pore pressure generation, and increased the friction angle from 33° to 43°. Mobilized friction angle analyses confirmed the transition from contractive to dilative behavior at ~ 28°, with reinforced samples showing enhanced dilation. Reinforcement also influenced stress–strain behavior by increasing stiffness (E50) and delaying shear modulus (G) degradation, especially under higher strains. The increased radial-to-axial strain ratio (εr/εa) at large deformations demonstrated the mobilization of fiber resistance, contributing to improved post-peak stability. These findings highlight the potential of fiber-reinforced tailings as a technically viable and environmentally sustainable material for improving the performance and safety of dry-stacked tailings facilities.