<p>A fundamental problem confronting the paradigm of philosophical liberalism concerns efforts to theorize the relationship between sameness and difference. The specific challenge in question is to account for difference without thinking difference within the structural logic of sameness and identity. This essay introduces the notion of social enantiomorphism and recruits concepts from the philosophy of chemistry to propose an alternative approach to theorizing the relationship between sameness and difference. Inspired by the philosophy of chemistry and chemical practices, this essay utilizes the idea of chirality (i.e., handedness) to explore the extent to which sameness and difference can be considered not as radical opposites but as complementary relations. The concept of chirality entails critical involvement with the chemical notions of isomers, enantiomers, etc. These chemical notions facilitate thinking about historical processes and other socio-cultural phenomena as mirror-images that are non-superimposable. A few historical examples will be discussed to illustrate the idea of social enantiomorphism.</p>