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<p>The relationship between stress and reproduction in fish is mediated through complex neuroendocrine pathways, including activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis. However, the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in reproductive stress response remains poorly understood in teleosts. In this study, we examined the involvement of GABA in stress and reproduction in female black molly <i>Poecilia sphenops</i> by employing GABA<sub>A</sub> and GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor-specific antagonists under normal and stress conditions. Chronic exposure to intermittent aquacultural stressors for 29&#xa0;days significantly elevated brain GABA content as well as whole-body and head-kidney cortisol levels, concomitant with significant reduction in the ovarian-somatic index, numbers of follicles at both previtellogenic (stages I-III) and vitellogenic (stages IV and V) stages, most of the embryonic developmental stages and overall fecundity levels compared with experimental controls. Blockade of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors with high-dose gabazine enhanced these reproductive indices in both normal and stressed fish. In contrast, although GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor antagonism by CGP-35348 hydrate stimulated stage I-V follicular development, their numbers in stress + CGP-35348 hydrate-treated fish remained comparable to those in the stress-only group. Collectively, these findings indicate that GABA participates in the regulation of ovarian activity during stress, and that GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor blockade by gabazine effectively restores the stress-induced suppression of reproduction in viviparous teleosts. These findings provide valuable insights for improving breeding success in ornamental fisheries.</p>

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Receptor-specific GABAergic modulation of the stress–ovarian axis in the viviparous teleost Poecilia sphenops

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Achyutham Hotha,
  • C. B. Ganesh

摘要

The relationship between stress and reproduction in fish is mediated through complex neuroendocrine pathways, including activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis. However, the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in reproductive stress response remains poorly understood in teleosts. In this study, we examined the involvement of GABA in stress and reproduction in female black molly Poecilia sphenops by employing GABAA and GABAB receptor-specific antagonists under normal and stress conditions. Chronic exposure to intermittent aquacultural stressors for 29 days significantly elevated brain GABA content as well as whole-body and head-kidney cortisol levels, concomitant with significant reduction in the ovarian-somatic index, numbers of follicles at both previtellogenic (stages I-III) and vitellogenic (stages IV and V) stages, most of the embryonic developmental stages and overall fecundity levels compared with experimental controls. Blockade of GABAA receptors with high-dose gabazine enhanced these reproductive indices in both normal and stressed fish. In contrast, although GABAB receptor antagonism by CGP-35348 hydrate stimulated stage I-V follicular development, their numbers in stress + CGP-35348 hydrate-treated fish remained comparable to those in the stress-only group. Collectively, these findings indicate that GABA participates in the regulation of ovarian activity during stress, and that GABAA receptor blockade by gabazine effectively restores the stress-induced suppression of reproduction in viviparous teleosts. These findings provide valuable insights for improving breeding success in ornamental fisheries.