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<p>Phytic acid (PA) is a common anti-nutritional factor in plant-based aquafeeds that can affect nutrient utilization and physiological homeostasis in fish. However, its dose-dependent physiological effects on Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the effects of graded dietary levels of PA (0, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g/kg) on growth performance, antioxidant status, hepatic metabolism, and immune regulation in Nile tilapia. Results showed that dietary PA significantly reduced body weight gain and increased liver somatic index in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant capacity was impaired, hepatic function was disrupted, and immune-related gene expression was altered. No significant differences were observed in survival rate among treatments. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that excessive dietary PA induces metabolic stress in Nile tilapia, characterized by oxidative imbalance, hepatic dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. These results highlight the importance of controlling PA levels or applying targeted mitigation strategies in aquafeed formulations to maintain fish health and optimize aquaculture productivity.</p>

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Effects of dietary phytic acid on growth, antioxidant status, hepatic metabolism, and immune-related gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Huai Zhang,
  • Qifeng Lu,
  • Jianwen Deng,
  • Li Lin,
  • Qingqing Li

摘要

Phytic acid (PA) is a common anti-nutritional factor in plant-based aquafeeds that can affect nutrient utilization and physiological homeostasis in fish. However, its dose-dependent physiological effects on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the effects of graded dietary levels of PA (0, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g/kg) on growth performance, antioxidant status, hepatic metabolism, and immune regulation in Nile tilapia. Results showed that dietary PA significantly reduced body weight gain and increased liver somatic index in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant capacity was impaired, hepatic function was disrupted, and immune-related gene expression was altered. No significant differences were observed in survival rate among treatments. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that excessive dietary PA induces metabolic stress in Nile tilapia, characterized by oxidative imbalance, hepatic dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. These results highlight the importance of controlling PA levels or applying targeted mitigation strategies in aquafeed formulations to maintain fish health and optimize aquaculture productivity.