Proposal of a Simplified Method for the Prediction of Temperature Evolution in Steel Columns Embedded in Walls Under Fire Exposure
摘要
Current design standards for steel structures under fire conditions primarily focus on uniformly heated (isolated) columns. However, in most practical constructions, columns are embedded within compartmentation elements, such as walls, which exhibit a distinct thermo-mechanical behavior due to insulation effects. Eurocode 3 Part 1–2 provides a simplified method for estimating the temperature of such steel columns; nevertheless, it shows certain inconsistencies, since it is not applicable to all scenarios. This study proposes an updated method for calculating the temperature of steel columns embedded in walls during fire exposure, specifying separate equations for each column type. The methodology involved validating thermal and thermo-mechanical numerical models developed in ABAQUS, followed by a comparative analysis between the numerical thermal results and the temperature prediction normative method across various wall-embedded column configurations, steel profile dimensions, and wall thicknesses. The findings indicate the method proposed in Eurocode 3 Part 1–2 accurately reproduces only the numerical results for isolated columns exposed to fire on all four faces. Towards extending the predictive capability of the normative equation to columns embedded in walls, numerical adjustment coefficients were introduced and expressed through a set of linear equations, accounting for variations in wall-column configuration, wall thickness, and fire exposure conditions. The method showed a maximum temperature deviation of approximately 100 °C relative to numerical curves, ensuring structural safety while achieving closer agreement with the actual behavior. Overall, the approach offers potential for more efficient and economically viable structural designs without compromising safety under fire conditions.