<p>By constructing a scaled-down oil pool fire experimental platform and conducting a series of experiments on transformer oil, this study systematically investigates the combustion characteristics of transformer oil at different scales and the influence of spray pressure and spray flow rate on the suppression effect of foam-water spray on oil pool fires. The results show that the combustion process of the oil pool fire exhibits three distinct stages: initial development, stable combustion, and decay extinction. As the size of the oil pan increases, the burning rate, flame height, and flame temperature all increase significantly. Additionally, the fire-fighting performance of foam-water spray is significantly better than that of single-water spray, with a notable improvement in fire extinguishing efficiency. During the fire extinguishing process, a flame intensification phenomenon occurs in both cases. When the spray flow rate increases, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the foam-water spray improves; spray pressure shows a similar pattern, where fire extinguishing efficiency increases with the increase in spray pressure.</p>