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<p>Flame-retardant (FR) formula of composite insulators is the key to the fire safety of high-voltage (HV) switchgear when arcing occurs. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted on the ignition and self-sustained burning behavior of five insulators by HV arcing (18&#xa0;kV). The results show that a strong jet flame came out immediately from the hole when the initial arcing happened in all samples. In the first arcing events, intense burning near the hole quickly stopped after the arc was quenched. Successful ignition occurred after 7–8 times of 0.1&#xa0;s arcing for all samples, which indicates the little dependence of the insulator ignition on their FR formula due to the high temperature of the arc and the impact of pyrolysis gases. Additionally, at t = 41.5&#xa0;s, the surface temperature measured 10&#xa0;mm above the hole varied by up to 32&#xa0;°C among the five samples, ranging from 380&#xa0;°C to 412&#xa0;°C. However, in the self-sustained burning stage, upward flame spread on the samples with higher red phosphorus (RP) content was effectively suppressed. The flame duration dropped from 101&#xa0;s in FR-EP-1 to 16&#xa0;s in FR-EP-5 as RP content increased, with reduction as large as 84.2%.</p>

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Fire Resistance of Insulators in Switchgear by High-voltage Arcing: Flame-retardant Formula, Ignition and Self-sustained Burning

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Yuqi Liu,
  • Meijie Ren,
  • Siqi Song,
  • Qiyuan Xie

摘要

Flame-retardant (FR) formula of composite insulators is the key to the fire safety of high-voltage (HV) switchgear when arcing occurs. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted on the ignition and self-sustained burning behavior of five insulators by HV arcing (18 kV). The results show that a strong jet flame came out immediately from the hole when the initial arcing happened in all samples. In the first arcing events, intense burning near the hole quickly stopped after the arc was quenched. Successful ignition occurred after 7–8 times of 0.1 s arcing for all samples, which indicates the little dependence of the insulator ignition on their FR formula due to the high temperature of the arc and the impact of pyrolysis gases. Additionally, at t = 41.5 s, the surface temperature measured 10 mm above the hole varied by up to 32 °C among the five samples, ranging from 380 °C to 412 °C. However, in the self-sustained burning stage, upward flame spread on the samples with higher red phosphorus (RP) content was effectively suppressed. The flame duration dropped from 101 s in FR-EP-1 to 16 s in FR-EP-5 as RP content increased, with reduction as large as 84.2%.