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<p>This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of bridge fire incidents, experimental research, and numerical studies conducted in last five decades highlighting a significant gap in current engineering practices and codes. The authors compiled an extensive database of 73 documented bridge fire accidents from 1974 to 2023, 14 experimental studies and 42 numerical analyses focusing on the behavior of bridge structures exposed to fire. Accidental fire data reveals wooden bridges being more susceptible to fire often leading to complete collapse. Steel bridges are more vulnerable to fire due to their low fire resistance as compared to concrete bridges. Common causes of bridge fires were vehicle collisions and arson, leading to varying degrees of structural damage. This underscores the need for improved fire safety and design considerations tailored to bridge materials and configurations. Experimental studies reveal a lack of data necessary for developing fire-resistant design guidelines. Numerical studies, essential for understanding of bridge fire dynamics, require validation against experimental/accident data to ensure accuracy and reliability. By integrating findings from documented accidents, experimental research, and numerical analyses, this work paves way for future efforts aimed at enhancing the fire resilience of bridges, thereby ensuring their safety and integrity in case of fire incidents.</p>

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Bridge Fire Accidents and Research: A State-of-the-Art Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月30日

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  • Shubham S. Gyawali,
  • Saahastaranshu R. Bhardwaj,
  • Ataollah Taghipour Anvari,
  • Sriram Aaleti

摘要

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of bridge fire incidents, experimental research, and numerical studies conducted in last five decades highlighting a significant gap in current engineering practices and codes. The authors compiled an extensive database of 73 documented bridge fire accidents from 1974 to 2023, 14 experimental studies and 42 numerical analyses focusing on the behavior of bridge structures exposed to fire. Accidental fire data reveals wooden bridges being more susceptible to fire often leading to complete collapse. Steel bridges are more vulnerable to fire due to their low fire resistance as compared to concrete bridges. Common causes of bridge fires were vehicle collisions and arson, leading to varying degrees of structural damage. This underscores the need for improved fire safety and design considerations tailored to bridge materials and configurations. Experimental studies reveal a lack of data necessary for developing fire-resistant design guidelines. Numerical studies, essential for understanding of bridge fire dynamics, require validation against experimental/accident data to ensure accuracy and reliability. By integrating findings from documented accidents, experimental research, and numerical analyses, this work paves way for future efforts aimed at enhancing the fire resilience of bridges, thereby ensuring their safety and integrity in case of fire incidents.