Competition, Efficiency, and Financial Soundness in Underwriting-Intensive Markets: Evidence from Asia-Pacific Non-life Insurance
摘要
We examine whether stronger cost-based competition is associated with financial soundness in underwriting-intensive non-life insurance markets using insurer-level data from 10 Asia-Pacific countries during 2011–2019. Competition is measured using the Boone indicator, a profit–cost elasticity measure. Stronger cost-based competition is associated with higher Z-scores, mainly through higher risk-adjusted profitability and lower earnings and loss ratio volatility. Capitalization does not respond robustly, suggesting that competitive discipline in non-life insurance is reflected primarily through performance stabilization rather than capital accumulation. The relationship is observed across developed and developing markets and is stronger where property rights protection is higher.