<p>This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in the Indian emerging market, using a sample of 104 IPOs listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) between January 2018 and September 2022. Grounded in information asymmetry and crisis-induced volatility frameworks, the study investigates how pandemic-driven uncertainty influenced IPO underpricing, aftermarket volatility, and post-listing performance. The comparative analysis shows an additional underpricing of 30.7% for COVID-19 IPOs compared to the pre-COVID IPOs. Our findings attribute higher underpricing to IPOs characterized by weaker certification, poor pre-IPO information environments, and greater financial constraints. We also observe increased aftermarket volatility and return reversals over 12 months. Further, using the GARCH-X specification, we demonstrate that market volatility, conditional on COVID-19 intensity and policy stringency, increased risk premiums and contributed to elevated initial returns. The results are consistent with various robustness checks. The study offers valuable insights for investors, issuers, and policymakers navigating IPO markets amid heightened uncertainty.</p>

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COVID-19 and IPO Outcomes: Evidence from Emerging Market

  • Sahil Narang,
  • Rudra P. Pradhan

摘要

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in the Indian emerging market, using a sample of 104 IPOs listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) between January 2018 and September 2022. Grounded in information asymmetry and crisis-induced volatility frameworks, the study investigates how pandemic-driven uncertainty influenced IPO underpricing, aftermarket volatility, and post-listing performance. The comparative analysis shows an additional underpricing of 30.7% for COVID-19 IPOs compared to the pre-COVID IPOs. Our findings attribute higher underpricing to IPOs characterized by weaker certification, poor pre-IPO information environments, and greater financial constraints. We also observe increased aftermarket volatility and return reversals over 12 months. Further, using the GARCH-X specification, we demonstrate that market volatility, conditional on COVID-19 intensity and policy stringency, increased risk premiums and contributed to elevated initial returns. The results are consistent with various robustness checks. The study offers valuable insights for investors, issuers, and policymakers navigating IPO markets amid heightened uncertainty.