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<p>Inheritance studies of genetic differences are essential for understanding traits like earliness. An experiment evaluated ten parent varieties and their F<sub>2</sub> populations to investigate genetic control in the25 F<sub>2</sub> generation. Five parents—NOVATOR, VNIRB572, ANAIT, ZX788, and LARGE STIGMA—exhibited very early panicle initiation, with durations between 98 and 100&#xa0;days. In contrast, Giza179, Sakha105, and Sakha106 were categorized as short duration (123 to 126&#xa0;days), while Sakha104 and Sakha101 were medium duration (133 and 143&#xa0;days). For grain yield per plant, Sakha101, Sakha104, Giza179, and Sakha105 recorded the highest values, with yields of 56.2&#xa0;g, 55.5&#xa0;g, 42.8&#xa0;g, and 42.13&#xa0;g, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between days to panicle initiation, days to heading, days to maturity, and grain yield. Clustering and principal component analyses grouped the varieties into two categories: very early and early. The F<sub>2</sub> population showed that three crosses had a 7 early to 9 late ratio, indicating two complementary genes for earliness. Other crosses exhibited a 1 early to 15 late ratio, suggesting duplicate genes or gene dominance. A cross of early and very early varieties yielded a 1:0 ratio, indicating the dominance of the early trait, which could be useful in rice breeding. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.220 (RM38) to 0.453 (RM125), with an average of 0.352 per locus. In conclusion, early × very early crosses proved most effective, highlighting their potential in breeding programs for developing truly early-maturing and high-yielding rice varieties.</p>

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Inheritance of earliness by conventional breeding and SSR markers in some rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Adel Rezk,
  • Mohammed M. El-Malky,
  • Galal Bakr Anis,
  • Ahmed Ibrahem Elsherif,
  • Othman Al-Dossary,
  • Mohammad Aldaej,
  • Bader Y. Alsubaie,
  • Heba I. Mohamed

摘要

Inheritance studies of genetic differences are essential for understanding traits like earliness. An experiment evaluated ten parent varieties and their F2 populations to investigate genetic control in the25 F2 generation. Five parents—NOVATOR, VNIRB572, ANAIT, ZX788, and LARGE STIGMA—exhibited very early panicle initiation, with durations between 98 and 100 days. In contrast, Giza179, Sakha105, and Sakha106 were categorized as short duration (123 to 126 days), while Sakha104 and Sakha101 were medium duration (133 and 143 days). For grain yield per plant, Sakha101, Sakha104, Giza179, and Sakha105 recorded the highest values, with yields of 56.2 g, 55.5 g, 42.8 g, and 42.13 g, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between days to panicle initiation, days to heading, days to maturity, and grain yield. Clustering and principal component analyses grouped the varieties into two categories: very early and early. The F2 population showed that three crosses had a 7 early to 9 late ratio, indicating two complementary genes for earliness. Other crosses exhibited a 1 early to 15 late ratio, suggesting duplicate genes or gene dominance. A cross of early and very early varieties yielded a 1:0 ratio, indicating the dominance of the early trait, which could be useful in rice breeding. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.220 (RM38) to 0.453 (RM125), with an average of 0.352 per locus. In conclusion, early × very early crosses proved most effective, highlighting their potential in breeding programs for developing truly early-maturing and high-yielding rice varieties.