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<p>Sugar content is a significant factor shaping yield and processing quality in sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.), but its genetic basis remains incompletely understood. To investigate this trait, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 177 genetically diverse accessions genotyped with 29,300 DArTseq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Sucrose concentration ranged from 8.2 to 17.8% (w/w), with a mean of approximately 14.5%. Broad-sense heritability was estimated at 0.76, indicating strong genetic control across environments. Association analyses were performed using GLM, MLM, and FarmCPU models based on genotype-specific BLUPs. No SNP surpassed the Bonferroni-adjusted genome-wide significance threshold. However, several chromosomal regions displayed consistent suggestive signals across models, particularly on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, and 9. These associations were modest in magnitude and varied in statistical support among the models. Given the moderate population size and average marker spacing (~ 19–20&#xa0;kb) relative to the rapid linkage disequilibrium decay (~ 10&#xa0;kb), some genomic regions may not have been fully captured, potentially reducing the power to detect small-effect loci. Overall, the findings support a quantitatively controlled genetic architecture for sucrose content characterized by multiple loci with small effects. These results highlight the potential value of genomic selection approaches over single-marker strategies for improving sucrose accumulation in sugar beet breeding programs.</p>

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Genome-wide association study of sucrose content in a multi-environment sugar beet panel (Beta vulgaris L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Mehmet Arslan,
  • Omar Gaoua,
  • Özge Doğanay,
  • Anıl Mehmet Baltacı,
  • Özgür Özmen

摘要

Sugar content is a significant factor shaping yield and processing quality in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), but its genetic basis remains incompletely understood. To investigate this trait, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 177 genetically diverse accessions genotyped with 29,300 DArTseq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Sucrose concentration ranged from 8.2 to 17.8% (w/w), with a mean of approximately 14.5%. Broad-sense heritability was estimated at 0.76, indicating strong genetic control across environments. Association analyses were performed using GLM, MLM, and FarmCPU models based on genotype-specific BLUPs. No SNP surpassed the Bonferroni-adjusted genome-wide significance threshold. However, several chromosomal regions displayed consistent suggestive signals across models, particularly on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, and 9. These associations were modest in magnitude and varied in statistical support among the models. Given the moderate population size and average marker spacing (~ 19–20 kb) relative to the rapid linkage disequilibrium decay (~ 10 kb), some genomic regions may not have been fully captured, potentially reducing the power to detect small-effect loci. Overall, the findings support a quantitatively controlled genetic architecture for sucrose content characterized by multiple loci with small effects. These results highlight the potential value of genomic selection approaches over single-marker strategies for improving sucrose accumulation in sugar beet breeding programs.