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<p>Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L.) not only is highly nutritious but also exhibits robust resistance to abiotic stresses. The continuous expansion of saline–alkali soils has promoted the breeding of salt-tolerant okra varieties to effectively use saline–alkali land and expand the planting area of okra. A total of 180 okra accessions from diverse origins were subjected to NaCl treatments at concentrations of 0&#xa0;mmol/L (CK), 120&#xa0;mmol/L (T1), and 200&#xa0;mmol/L (T2). Phenotypic traits related to salt tolerance, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in shoots and roots and seedling height (SH), were measured on the 21st day of salt treatment. The mean phenotype value of the three seedlings constitutes one replicate, and the mean value of the three replicates is used as the phenotype data for GWAS. 189 SNPs significantly associated with salt tolerance were identified through genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the mixed linear model (MLM) in EMMAX software with the threshold of − log10 (P) &gt; 4. Three loci—SNP184025 (controlled seedling height), SNP9134721 (controlled shoot and root CAT activity), and SNP9007603 (controlled shoot SOD activity)—were simultaneously detected under both T1 and T2 conditions. Linkage disequilibrium block analysis revealed nonsynonymous mutations of G/A and T/A in <i>Ae60G010730</i> and <i>Ae33G006070</i>, respectively, resulting in changes in corresponding amino acids. Also, the trait values of okra accessions containing the two mutant alleles significantly increased. qRT-PCR further confirmed significant upregulation of <i>Ae60G010730</i> and <i>Ae33G006070</i> in allelic mutant accessions. This further confirmed that <i>Ae60G010730</i> and <i>Ae33G006070</i> were prioritized candidate genes supported by LD/allelic and expression evidence for regulating salt tolerance in okra seedlings under salt stress. This study lays the foundation for the cloning and functional verification of salt-tolerant genes in okra and provides valuable genetic resources for developing new salt-tolerant cultivars.</p>

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Genome-wide association study and candidate gene mining of antioxidant enzyme activity–related traits in okra under salinity stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Yangpei Shu,
  • Xintao Hua,
  • Xinyan Liu,
  • Huiwen Li,
  • Yan Zhang,
  • Yiying Li,
  • Ziqi Tang,
  • Yun Yang,
  • Zhigang Dai,
  • Jian Sun,
  • Dongwei Xie

摘要

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) not only is highly nutritious but also exhibits robust resistance to abiotic stresses. The continuous expansion of saline–alkali soils has promoted the breeding of salt-tolerant okra varieties to effectively use saline–alkali land and expand the planting area of okra. A total of 180 okra accessions from diverse origins were subjected to NaCl treatments at concentrations of 0 mmol/L (CK), 120 mmol/L (T1), and 200 mmol/L (T2). Phenotypic traits related to salt tolerance, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in shoots and roots and seedling height (SH), were measured on the 21st day of salt treatment. The mean phenotype value of the three seedlings constitutes one replicate, and the mean value of the three replicates is used as the phenotype data for GWAS. 189 SNPs significantly associated with salt tolerance were identified through genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the mixed linear model (MLM) in EMMAX software with the threshold of − log10 (P) > 4. Three loci—SNP184025 (controlled seedling height), SNP9134721 (controlled shoot and root CAT activity), and SNP9007603 (controlled shoot SOD activity)—were simultaneously detected under both T1 and T2 conditions. Linkage disequilibrium block analysis revealed nonsynonymous mutations of G/A and T/A in Ae60G010730 and Ae33G006070, respectively, resulting in changes in corresponding amino acids. Also, the trait values of okra accessions containing the two mutant alleles significantly increased. qRT-PCR further confirmed significant upregulation of Ae60G010730 and Ae33G006070 in allelic mutant accessions. This further confirmed that Ae60G010730 and Ae33G006070 were prioritized candidate genes supported by LD/allelic and expression evidence for regulating salt tolerance in okra seedlings under salt stress. This study lays the foundation for the cloning and functional verification of salt-tolerant genes in okra and provides valuable genetic resources for developing new salt-tolerant cultivars.