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<p>High-oleic sunflower oil is valued for its heart-health benefits and enhanced oxidative stability due to its high monounsaturated fatty acid content. Breeding efforts therefore focus on developing high-oleic hybrids with improved seed and oil yield for edible and industrial applications. The present study aimed to identify promising parental lines and develop high-oleic sunflower hybrids suitable for commercial cultivation. A total of 110 hybrids were developed using a line × tester mating design and evaluated across two environments, <i>Kharif</i> 2023 and <i>Rabi</i> 2023. The objectives were to assess combining ability and estimate genetic effects for oleic acid content, seed yield and associated agronomic traits. Hybrid selection was performed using three multi-trait selection indices, namely Genotype-by-Yield*Trait, Factor Analysis and Interaction Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and Multi-Trait Genotype Ideotype Distance Index, along with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for fatty acid profiling. Based on mean performance and general combining ability effects, the parents T8, T9, T10, L1, L4, L9 and L11 were identified as good combiners. Considering per se performance, specific combining ability and standard heterosis, the hybrids H15, H17 and H62 emerged as the most promising crosses. The highest oleic acid content (92.89%) was recorded in hybrid H70. Multi-trait selection indices consistently identified five superior hybrids, namely H37, H40, H60, H88 and H108, indicating their overall excellence across yield and quality traits. This study highlights the potential of high-oleic sunflower hybrids for enhancing seed yield and oil quality and emphasizes the importance of strategic parental selection. Further multi-environment evaluation is required to confirm the stability and adaptability of these hybrids for commercial cultivation.</p>

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Hybrid breeding and multi-trait selection for high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for food and industrial applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Sampath Lavudya,
  • Sasikala Ramasamy,
  • Kalaimagal Thiyagarajan,
  • Mangesh Y. Dudhe,
  • Himakara Datta Mandalapu,
  • Bekkam Rakesh,
  • Tushar Arun Mohanty

摘要

High-oleic sunflower oil is valued for its heart-health benefits and enhanced oxidative stability due to its high monounsaturated fatty acid content. Breeding efforts therefore focus on developing high-oleic hybrids with improved seed and oil yield for edible and industrial applications. The present study aimed to identify promising parental lines and develop high-oleic sunflower hybrids suitable for commercial cultivation. A total of 110 hybrids were developed using a line × tester mating design and evaluated across two environments, Kharif 2023 and Rabi 2023. The objectives were to assess combining ability and estimate genetic effects for oleic acid content, seed yield and associated agronomic traits. Hybrid selection was performed using three multi-trait selection indices, namely Genotype-by-Yield*Trait, Factor Analysis and Interaction Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and Multi-Trait Genotype Ideotype Distance Index, along with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for fatty acid profiling. Based on mean performance and general combining ability effects, the parents T8, T9, T10, L1, L4, L9 and L11 were identified as good combiners. Considering per se performance, specific combining ability and standard heterosis, the hybrids H15, H17 and H62 emerged as the most promising crosses. The highest oleic acid content (92.89%) was recorded in hybrid H70. Multi-trait selection indices consistently identified five superior hybrids, namely H37, H40, H60, H88 and H108, indicating their overall excellence across yield and quality traits. This study highlights the potential of high-oleic sunflower hybrids for enhancing seed yield and oil quality and emphasizes the importance of strategic parental selection. Further multi-environment evaluation is required to confirm the stability and adaptability of these hybrids for commercial cultivation.