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<p>The investigation of genotype behavior under varying conditions is conducted to maximize selection gains in coffee breeding programs, aiming to identify genotypes that sustain good performance across different environments and years. The objective of this study was to estimate the magnitudes of the effects of genotype and year on seed and seedling traits of <i>Coffea canephora</i>. 43 <i>C. canephora</i> genotypes were evaluated for the physical and physiological traits of seeds and seedlings during two crop years (2019 and 2020). Both individual and joint analyses were performed to obtain estimates of genetic parameters and the effects of genotype, year, and genotype × year interaction. Individual analyses identified significant differences (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) among genotypes for all traits in both evaluated years. The year effect was significant for all variables except germination, whereas the interaction significantly impacted all traits. The proportion of simple interactions exceeded that of complex ones for germination speed index (GSI), area, roundness, circumference, and thousand seed weight (TSW). The complex interaction was predominant over simple ones for germination and shoot (SL) and root lengths, reaching 97.79% of the total interaction. Genotypes Bicudo, Penirão e Pirata showed good performed for TSW and SL, with little variation in the averages between the years. Bamburral exhibited average performance and least variation between years. The significant effect of year was attributed to the genotype effect rather than climatic differences. Therefore, the selection of superior <i>C. canephora</i> materials for seed traits should consider the average performance of the genotypes across different years.</p>

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Genotype and year effects on seed and seedling traits of Coffea canephora

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Laísa Zanelato Correia,
  • Henrique Duarte Vieira,
  • Rosenilda de Souza,
  • Alexandre Pio Viana,
  • Fábio Luiz Partelli

摘要

The investigation of genotype behavior under varying conditions is conducted to maximize selection gains in coffee breeding programs, aiming to identify genotypes that sustain good performance across different environments and years. The objective of this study was to estimate the magnitudes of the effects of genotype and year on seed and seedling traits of Coffea canephora. 43 C. canephora genotypes were evaluated for the physical and physiological traits of seeds and seedlings during two crop years (2019 and 2020). Both individual and joint analyses were performed to obtain estimates of genetic parameters and the effects of genotype, year, and genotype × year interaction. Individual analyses identified significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) among genotypes for all traits in both evaluated years. The year effect was significant for all variables except germination, whereas the interaction significantly impacted all traits. The proportion of simple interactions exceeded that of complex ones for germination speed index (GSI), area, roundness, circumference, and thousand seed weight (TSW). The complex interaction was predominant over simple ones for germination and shoot (SL) and root lengths, reaching 97.79% of the total interaction. Genotypes Bicudo, Penirão e Pirata showed good performed for TSW and SL, with little variation in the averages between the years. Bamburral exhibited average performance and least variation between years. The significant effect of year was attributed to the genotype effect rather than climatic differences. Therefore, the selection of superior C. canephora materials for seed traits should consider the average performance of the genotypes across different years.