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<p>The <i>tasselseed4 (ts4)</i> gene of maize regulates the APETALA2 transcription factor, exhibiting enhanced feminization and tassel indeterminacy. We investigated the inheritance of <i>ts4</i> and its genetic interactions with <i>silkless1</i> (<i>sk1</i>) and <i>tasseleed2</i> (<i>ts2</i>) in subtropical maize. Analyses of single mutant- (<i>ts4</i> gene) and double mutant- (<i>sk1-ts4</i> and <i>ts4</i>-<i>ts2</i>) progenies (F<sub>1</sub>, F<sub>2,</sub> and F<sub>3</sub>) for tassel feminization and silk development confirmed the monogenic, nuclear, and recessive inheritance of the <i>ts4</i> gene (107 normal: 23 tasselseed ratio) across the populations. In double mutant population segregating for <i>sk1</i> and <i>ts4</i> genes,&#xa0;139 normal, 40 silkless, and 22 tasselseed plants were observed, with no double mutant phenotype, indicating recessive epistasis between <i>sk1</i> and <i>ts4</i>. Independent assortment of <i>ts4</i> and <i>ts2</i> genes&#xa0;was established from a population segregating in a typical dihybrid ratio (68 normal, 16 <i>ts2</i> type tasselseed, 13 <i>ts4</i> type tasselseed, and 5 double mutant), showed additive or synergistic interaction between the two genes. This constitutes the first genetic analysis of <i>ts4</i> in subtropical maize. We developed a novel germplasm combining <i>sk1</i>-<i>ts4</i> and <i>ts2</i>-<i>ts4</i>, which provides a key genetic resource for developing silkless baby corn (<i>sk1sk1/Ts4ts4/Ts2ts2</i>) hybrids and further&#xa0;understanding hormonal basis&#xa0; of sex differentiation&#xa0;in maize.</p>

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Genetic analysis of tasselseed4 (ts4) regulating APETALA2 floral homeotic transcription factor and its interactions with silkless1 (sk1) and tasselseed2 (ts2) genes for innovative silkless baby corn breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Anurag Awasthi,
  • Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare,
  • Firoz Hossain,
  • Vignesh Muthusamy,
  • Ashvinkumar Katral

摘要

The tasselseed4 (ts4) gene of maize regulates the APETALA2 transcription factor, exhibiting enhanced feminization and tassel indeterminacy. We investigated the inheritance of ts4 and its genetic interactions with silkless1 (sk1) and tasseleed2 (ts2) in subtropical maize. Analyses of single mutant- (ts4 gene) and double mutant- (sk1-ts4 and ts4-ts2) progenies (F1, F2, and F3) for tassel feminization and silk development confirmed the monogenic, nuclear, and recessive inheritance of the ts4 gene (107 normal: 23 tasselseed ratio) across the populations. In double mutant population segregating for sk1 and ts4 genes, 139 normal, 40 silkless, and 22 tasselseed plants were observed, with no double mutant phenotype, indicating recessive epistasis between sk1 and ts4. Independent assortment of ts4 and ts2 genes was established from a population segregating in a typical dihybrid ratio (68 normal, 16 ts2 type tasselseed, 13 ts4 type tasselseed, and 5 double mutant), showed additive or synergistic interaction between the two genes. This constitutes the first genetic analysis of ts4 in subtropical maize. We developed a novel germplasm combining sk1-ts4 and ts2-ts4, which provides a key genetic resource for developing silkless baby corn (sk1sk1/Ts4ts4/Ts2ts2) hybrids and further understanding hormonal basis  of sex differentiation in maize.