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<p>Broccoli (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L. var. <i>italica</i> Plenck) is gaining recognition as a high-value dietary supplement crop in India, especially in the northwestern part of the Himalayas, where a cool climate favors off-season cultivation. However, the limited genetic diversity in Indian broccoli breeding programs has hindered the development of high-yielding, adaptable varieties with robust stress resistance. This necessitates the exploitation of heterosis to overcome low productivity, address susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses, and enhance the overall commercial viability of domestically developed hybrids. This study assessed the heterotic potential and combining ability of newly developed 15 F<sub>1</sub> hybrids, derived from three cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and five restorer lines, using a modified line × tester design. The hybrids, along with their parental lines and a commercial check, were evaluated for 14 horticultural traits during rabi, 2022–24 at two distinct locations using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Significant genotypic variation (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) was observed for most traits, and the genetic variance of specific combining ability (σ<sup>2</sup>SCA) surpassed that of general combining ability (σ<sup>2</sup>GCA), indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action. Among the parental lines, DPBP-2 and DPBP-6 have emerged as promising general combiners, whereas hybrids DPBH-18, DPBH-22, DPBH-21, DPBH-11, and DPBH-12 have demonstrated high SCA effects and desirable heterosis for head yield. These findings highlight the potential of public-sector broccoli hybrids in boosting productivity in hilly agroecosystems. Nonetheless, challenges such as limited genetic diversity and environmental specificity need to be addressed. Future research should focus on multi-location trials, resistance to biotic stress, and genomic-assisted breeding to achieve greater adaptability. These hybrids lay the groundwork for advancing broccoli development in India using sustainable regional breeding strategies.</p>

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Introducing novel ogura-based cytoplasmic male sterile lines and fertility restorers of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck): pioneering India's first public sector hybrid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Shivam Sharma,
  • Viveka Katoch,
  • D. R. Chaudhary,
  • Manpreet Kour,
  • Neha Sharma,
  • Anuj Choudhary

摘要

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) is gaining recognition as a high-value dietary supplement crop in India, especially in the northwestern part of the Himalayas, where a cool climate favors off-season cultivation. However, the limited genetic diversity in Indian broccoli breeding programs has hindered the development of high-yielding, adaptable varieties with robust stress resistance. This necessitates the exploitation of heterosis to overcome low productivity, address susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses, and enhance the overall commercial viability of domestically developed hybrids. This study assessed the heterotic potential and combining ability of newly developed 15 F1 hybrids, derived from three cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and five restorer lines, using a modified line × tester design. The hybrids, along with their parental lines and a commercial check, were evaluated for 14 horticultural traits during rabi, 2022–24 at two distinct locations using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Significant genotypic variation (p ≤ 0.05, p ≤ 0.01) was observed for most traits, and the genetic variance of specific combining ability (σ2SCA) surpassed that of general combining ability (σ2GCA), indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action. Among the parental lines, DPBP-2 and DPBP-6 have emerged as promising general combiners, whereas hybrids DPBH-18, DPBH-22, DPBH-21, DPBH-11, and DPBH-12 have demonstrated high SCA effects and desirable heterosis for head yield. These findings highlight the potential of public-sector broccoli hybrids in boosting productivity in hilly agroecosystems. Nonetheless, challenges such as limited genetic diversity and environmental specificity need to be addressed. Future research should focus on multi-location trials, resistance to biotic stress, and genomic-assisted breeding to achieve greater adaptability. These hybrids lay the groundwork for advancing broccoli development in India using sustainable regional breeding strategies.