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<p>The occurrence of drought stress memory in plants is crucial for their adaptation to adverse conditions. This research aimed to assess the genetic and physiological mechanisms of drought memory in tall fescue (<i>Lolium arundinacea</i>). A study was conducted with 22 open-pollinated and 11 selfed (S<sub>1</sub>) progenies over two years under three moisture regimes: control (C), mild-primary plus intense-secondary drought (D<sub>1</sub>D<sub>2</sub>), and intense-secondary drought (D<sub>2</sub>). Pre-exposure to drought (D<sub>1</sub>D<sub>2</sub>) significantly enhanced dry forage yield, plant height in recovery, root traits, chlorophyll content, and pigment ratios (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), suggesting the presence of drought memory. Most root traits increased under D<sub>1</sub>D<sub>2</sub> but declined under D<sub>2</sub>, with stronger memory responses in S<sub>1</sub> lines. Selfing negatively affected several root and physiological traits under all moisture conditions. Additive gene action predominantly controlled root volume, root area, cumulative root length, and root-to-shoot ratio, with narrow-sense heritability estimates of 61.3–71.2%, supporting the potential for efficient phenotypic selection. In contrast, dry forage yield was influenced by both additive and non-additive effects. Superior families (e.g., 4Eop, 11Mop, 12Ls<sub>1</sub>) were identified using STI and YSI, which confirms the value of index-based selection. Physiological traits, particularly proline and antioxidant enzymes, showed higher broad-sense heritability, suggesting greater genetic control and lower environmental influence compared to morphological and root traits. These findings highlight the importance of trait type in selecting for drought memory responses.</p>

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Genetic analysis of morphological, physiological, and root traits provides insight into drought-stress memory in Lolium arundinacea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Maryam Safari,
  • Mohammad Mahdi Majidi

摘要

The occurrence of drought stress memory in plants is crucial for their adaptation to adverse conditions. This research aimed to assess the genetic and physiological mechanisms of drought memory in tall fescue (Lolium arundinacea). A study was conducted with 22 open-pollinated and 11 selfed (S1) progenies over two years under three moisture regimes: control (C), mild-primary plus intense-secondary drought (D1D2), and intense-secondary drought (D2). Pre-exposure to drought (D1D2) significantly enhanced dry forage yield, plant height in recovery, root traits, chlorophyll content, and pigment ratios (P < 0.05), suggesting the presence of drought memory. Most root traits increased under D1D2 but declined under D2, with stronger memory responses in S1 lines. Selfing negatively affected several root and physiological traits under all moisture conditions. Additive gene action predominantly controlled root volume, root area, cumulative root length, and root-to-shoot ratio, with narrow-sense heritability estimates of 61.3–71.2%, supporting the potential for efficient phenotypic selection. In contrast, dry forage yield was influenced by both additive and non-additive effects. Superior families (e.g., 4Eop, 11Mop, 12Ls1) were identified using STI and YSI, which confirms the value of index-based selection. Physiological traits, particularly proline and antioxidant enzymes, showed higher broad-sense heritability, suggesting greater genetic control and lower environmental influence compared to morphological and root traits. These findings highlight the importance of trait type in selecting for drought memory responses.