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<p>Barley production in the highlands is hindered by soil acidity associated with Al<sup>3+</sup> toxicity. While lime application is a common solution, its cost and inaccessibility drive research toward developing acid-tolerant barley genotypes using methods like molecular screening, omics, genetic transformation, and marker-assisted breeding. This review synthesized research outputs on barley genotypes and responsible genes for overcoming acid soil/Al<sup>3+</sup> toxicity, using articles accessed from Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI (accessed from 01 March to 30 May 2024). Data were summarized with an Excel sheet and then qualitative data was analyzed descriptively and the findings are presented in tables and graphs. From the hydroponic, molecular, and omics screening and transformation and breeding approaches, around 25 barley genotypes and 10 genes were discussed including the checks to acid soil/ Al<sup>3+</sup>toxicity tolerance. In the molecular marker studies (QTL and GWAS mapping), from doubled haploid populations, two fundamental genes, <i>HvMATE</i> and <i>HvAACT1</i>, were commonly mapped on chromosome 4H. Moreover, in the GWAS analysis of 110 Tibetan wild barley accessions, two novel genes were identified from XZ16 (bpb-9458 and bpb-8524). In the omics screening studies, XZ16, XZ29, Golden Promise, and RD2552 showed unique expressions important for acid soil/Al<sup>3+</sup> tolerance. Genetically transformed barley, the Brazilian transgenic line (L5) that contained <i>TaALMT1</i> from wheat sources, showed Al<sup>3+</sup> toxicity tolerance. There was also barley transformation using two genes from sorghum <i>sbMATE</i> and Arabidopsis <i>FD3</i> which resulted in <i>sbMATE</i> showing enhanced Al activated citrate efflux. The study synthesized research findings from various molecular, omics, and breeding approaches, and identified 25 barley genotypes and 10 key genes associated with acid soil and Al<sup>3</sup>⁺ toxicity tolerance. Notably, genes such as <i>HvMATE</i> and <i>HvAACT1</i> were consistently mapped on chromosome 4H, while novel genes from Tibetan wild barley and genetically transformed barley lines exhibited promising tolerance traits. These insights provide a valuable foundation for breeders, researchers, and investors to develop resilient barley varieties, ultimately enhancing sustainable production in acidic soils globally.</p>

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Exploring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) tolerance to acid soil/Al3+ toxicity using morphological, molecular, and omics techniques: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月12日

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  • Yilkal Bezie,
  • Mulugeta Atnaf,
  • Mengistie Taye

摘要

Barley production in the highlands is hindered by soil acidity associated with Al3+ toxicity. While lime application is a common solution, its cost and inaccessibility drive research toward developing acid-tolerant barley genotypes using methods like molecular screening, omics, genetic transformation, and marker-assisted breeding. This review synthesized research outputs on barley genotypes and responsible genes for overcoming acid soil/Al3+ toxicity, using articles accessed from Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI (accessed from 01 March to 30 May 2024). Data were summarized with an Excel sheet and then qualitative data was analyzed descriptively and the findings are presented in tables and graphs. From the hydroponic, molecular, and omics screening and transformation and breeding approaches, around 25 barley genotypes and 10 genes were discussed including the checks to acid soil/ Al3+toxicity tolerance. In the molecular marker studies (QTL and GWAS mapping), from doubled haploid populations, two fundamental genes, HvMATE and HvAACT1, were commonly mapped on chromosome 4H. Moreover, in the GWAS analysis of 110 Tibetan wild barley accessions, two novel genes were identified from XZ16 (bpb-9458 and bpb-8524). In the omics screening studies, XZ16, XZ29, Golden Promise, and RD2552 showed unique expressions important for acid soil/Al3+ tolerance. Genetically transformed barley, the Brazilian transgenic line (L5) that contained TaALMT1 from wheat sources, showed Al3+ toxicity tolerance. There was also barley transformation using two genes from sorghum sbMATE and Arabidopsis FD3 which resulted in sbMATE showing enhanced Al activated citrate efflux. The study synthesized research findings from various molecular, omics, and breeding approaches, and identified 25 barley genotypes and 10 key genes associated with acid soil and Al3⁺ toxicity tolerance. Notably, genes such as HvMATE and HvAACT1 were consistently mapped on chromosome 4H, while novel genes from Tibetan wild barley and genetically transformed barley lines exhibited promising tolerance traits. These insights provide a valuable foundation for breeders, researchers, and investors to develop resilient barley varieties, ultimately enhancing sustainable production in acidic soils globally.