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<p>Periodic evaluation and identification of promising inbreds in hybrid combinations for higher yields of extra-early quality protein maize (QPM) is important to mitigate the effects of climate change on food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study was carried out to assess general and specific combining ability (GCA, SCA) effects and gene actions involved in the inheritance of grain yield (GY) and other agronomic traits. Ten QPM inbreds were crossed in a diallel scheme, and the resulting 45 single-cross hybrids were evaluated at three locations for two years in southwestern agro-ecologies of Nigeria. Results obtained revealed both GCA and SCA effects were significant for GY and all agronomic traits, across locations, implying importance of both additive and non-additive genetic actions, while a low σ<sup>2</sup><sub>GCA</sub>:σ<sup>2</sup><sub>SCA</sub> ratio (&lt; 1) was recorded for GY and most of the traits, indicating a preponderance of non-additive gene action (dominance gene effect). A high average degree of dominance (ậ &gt; 1) was recorded in GY and most of the agronomic traits. This suggests the presence of overdominance in these traits. Inbreds TZEEQI-10, TZEEQI-12, TZEEQI-9, TZEEQI-7, and TZEEQI-16 were the best combiners in hybrid combinations for GY and most of the agronomic traits. These promising inbreds would contribute favorable alleles for improving GY of QPM hybrids. Hybrid TZEEQI-9 × TZEEQI-16 was adjudged to be the best for GY and most agronomic traits, which can be released to farmers to alleviate malnutrition and food insecurity in SSA.</p>

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Estimates of combining ability and gene action for grain yield and yield components in extra-early quality protein maize inbreds

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月19日

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  • Solomon Tayo Akinyosoye,
  • Morufat Oloruntoyin Balogun,
  • Samuel Adelowo Olakojo,
  • Johnson Adedayo Adetumbi,
  • Oluwafemi Daniel Amusa

摘要

Periodic evaluation and identification of promising inbreds in hybrid combinations for higher yields of extra-early quality protein maize (QPM) is important to mitigate the effects of climate change on food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study was carried out to assess general and specific combining ability (GCA, SCA) effects and gene actions involved in the inheritance of grain yield (GY) and other agronomic traits. Ten QPM inbreds were crossed in a diallel scheme, and the resulting 45 single-cross hybrids were evaluated at three locations for two years in southwestern agro-ecologies of Nigeria. Results obtained revealed both GCA and SCA effects were significant for GY and all agronomic traits, across locations, implying importance of both additive and non-additive genetic actions, while a low σ2GCA:σ2SCA ratio (< 1) was recorded for GY and most of the traits, indicating a preponderance of non-additive gene action (dominance gene effect). A high average degree of dominance (ậ > 1) was recorded in GY and most of the agronomic traits. This suggests the presence of overdominance in these traits. Inbreds TZEEQI-10, TZEEQI-12, TZEEQI-9, TZEEQI-7, and TZEEQI-16 were the best combiners in hybrid combinations for GY and most of the agronomic traits. These promising inbreds would contribute favorable alleles for improving GY of QPM hybrids. Hybrid TZEEQI-9 × TZEEQI-16 was adjudged to be the best for GY and most agronomic traits, which can be released to farmers to alleviate malnutrition and food insecurity in SSA.