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<p>Southwest China’s karst mountainous areas (KMA) face rocky desertification, man-land conflicts and agricultural fragmentation. Understanding the evolution of agricultural production space (APS) is key to balancing ecological conservation and agricultural development. This study establishes a theoretical framework, uses Puding County as a case study, applies methods such as land use transition matrices and reveals the process and driving mechanisms of its APS transformation. Results indicate that: (1) APS transformation entails functional reallocation rather than simple contraction, with mountainous areas transitioning toward ecological restoration and high-value industries while basin areas shift to intensive production; (2) Initial natural drivers were later superseded by policy and socioeconomic factors, whose effects amplified through interactions with topography; (3) The region achieved preliminary transition from traditional agriculture to diversified and sustainable systems, with distinct pathways emerging across different mountain-basin configurations. This study elucidates APS transformation mechanisms in karst mountain-basin systems, offering a theoretical basis for regional agricultural development and practical support for sustainable development in ecologically fragile zones worldwide. </p>

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From traditional agriculture to diversified sustainability: evolution of agricultural production in Southwest China’s Karst mountain-basin areas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Xiang Wu,
  • Guangjie Luo,
  • Yangbing Li,
  • Xue Ren,
  • Yiyi Zhang,
  • Linyu Yang,
  • Limin Yu,
  • Luanyu Zhou,
  • Kunyan Rao

摘要

Southwest China’s karst mountainous areas (KMA) face rocky desertification, man-land conflicts and agricultural fragmentation. Understanding the evolution of agricultural production space (APS) is key to balancing ecological conservation and agricultural development. This study establishes a theoretical framework, uses Puding County as a case study, applies methods such as land use transition matrices and reveals the process and driving mechanisms of its APS transformation. Results indicate that: (1) APS transformation entails functional reallocation rather than simple contraction, with mountainous areas transitioning toward ecological restoration and high-value industries while basin areas shift to intensive production; (2) Initial natural drivers were later superseded by policy and socioeconomic factors, whose effects amplified through interactions with topography; (3) The region achieved preliminary transition from traditional agriculture to diversified and sustainable systems, with distinct pathways emerging across different mountain-basin configurations. This study elucidates APS transformation mechanisms in karst mountain-basin systems, offering a theoretical basis for regional agricultural development and practical support for sustainable development in ecologically fragile zones worldwide.