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<p>Natural resources depletion and deforestation have exacerbated ecological degradation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. This research examines the effects of natural resource rents (NRR), forest rents (FOR), and technological innovation (TIN) on environmental sustainability using BRICS+ nations from 1980 to 2021. Using the Fully modified ordinary least Squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and Granger causality test, it assesses their relationships. The FMOLS results show that a 1% rise in NRR increases ecological footprints (EFF) by 0.06% and GHG emissions by 0.11%. Conversely, a 1% rise in FOR reduces EFF by 0.09%, though its effect on GHG is insignificant. Technological innovation reduces EFF by 0.044% but raises GHG emissions by 0.10%. A negative interactive effect of TIN and NRR on EFF and GHG is found. The DOLS results confirmed the FMOLS results. Bidirectional causal links are observed between key variables. These results are significant to the sustainable development goals, particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), 13 (Climate Action), 15 (Life on Land). The findings suggest that BRICS+ countries must manage resource rents responsibly and invest in green technologies to dissociate economic development from environmental harm. The study contributes novel evidence and offers policy guidance for emerging economies to balance growth with sustainability.</p>

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Can innovation offset the environmental costs of resource rents? Empirical evidence from BRICS+ countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Decai Tang,
  • Bright Obuobi

摘要

Natural resources depletion and deforestation have exacerbated ecological degradation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. This research examines the effects of natural resource rents (NRR), forest rents (FOR), and technological innovation (TIN) on environmental sustainability using BRICS+ nations from 1980 to 2021. Using the Fully modified ordinary least Squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and Granger causality test, it assesses their relationships. The FMOLS results show that a 1% rise in NRR increases ecological footprints (EFF) by 0.06% and GHG emissions by 0.11%. Conversely, a 1% rise in FOR reduces EFF by 0.09%, though its effect on GHG is insignificant. Technological innovation reduces EFF by 0.044% but raises GHG emissions by 0.10%. A negative interactive effect of TIN and NRR on EFF and GHG is found. The DOLS results confirmed the FMOLS results. Bidirectional causal links are observed between key variables. These results are significant to the sustainable development goals, particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), 13 (Climate Action), 15 (Life on Land). The findings suggest that BRICS+ countries must manage resource rents responsibly and invest in green technologies to dissociate economic development from environmental harm. The study contributes novel evidence and offers policy guidance for emerging economies to balance growth with sustainability.