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<p>Ecological restoration is pivotal for sustainable development in resource-based cities. Taking Xuzhou’s mining regions from 2000 to 2023 as the case, this study clarifies the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological benefits across four restoration models: Industrial Restructuring, Park Recreation, Land Reclamation, and Vegetation Greening. Based on remote sensing data, This study constructed an integrated framework combining landscape pattern indices, the InVEST habitat quality model, and ESV accounting. The results indicate that: (1) Restored areas expanded remarkably, with Vegetation Greening and Park Recreation as dominant models, showing a clear center-periphery spatial pattern. (2) Landscape patterns and habitat quality improved significantly, with 14.69% of patches reaching excellent or good levels, and total ESV increasing by 26.63 times. (3) Obvious differences exist among models. Park Recreation achieved the best comprehensive benefits with a high CONTAG within patches, experienced a massive leap in ESV and cultural services growing more than 9.3 times. Vegetation Greening recorded the highest SHDI and differed significantly from the other three models; its proportion of poor-quality habitats plummeted to 11.86%, representing the most effective habitat quality improvement. Land Reclamation improved certain habitats, it exacerbated landscape fragmentation, recording the highest PD. Industrial Restructuring showed the lowest ecological benefits due to irrational ecological allocation. This study uncovers the multiple ecological benefits and model adaptation mechanisms of mining area restoration, providing theoretical support and practical references for resource-based cities worldwide to formulate spatially adaptive and model-specific restoration strategies for sustainable transformation.</p>

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Landscape ecological benefits from urban mining area restoration: spatiotemporal evolution and model differences

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Songhai Wang,
  • Fuyuan Wang

摘要

Ecological restoration is pivotal for sustainable development in resource-based cities. Taking Xuzhou’s mining regions from 2000 to 2023 as the case, this study clarifies the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological benefits across four restoration models: Industrial Restructuring, Park Recreation, Land Reclamation, and Vegetation Greening. Based on remote sensing data, This study constructed an integrated framework combining landscape pattern indices, the InVEST habitat quality model, and ESV accounting. The results indicate that: (1) Restored areas expanded remarkably, with Vegetation Greening and Park Recreation as dominant models, showing a clear center-periphery spatial pattern. (2) Landscape patterns and habitat quality improved significantly, with 14.69% of patches reaching excellent or good levels, and total ESV increasing by 26.63 times. (3) Obvious differences exist among models. Park Recreation achieved the best comprehensive benefits with a high CONTAG within patches, experienced a massive leap in ESV and cultural services growing more than 9.3 times. Vegetation Greening recorded the highest SHDI and differed significantly from the other three models; its proportion of poor-quality habitats plummeted to 11.86%, representing the most effective habitat quality improvement. Land Reclamation improved certain habitats, it exacerbated landscape fragmentation, recording the highest PD. Industrial Restructuring showed the lowest ecological benefits due to irrational ecological allocation. This study uncovers the multiple ecological benefits and model adaptation mechanisms of mining area restoration, providing theoretical support and practical references for resource-based cities worldwide to formulate spatially adaptive and model-specific restoration strategies for sustainable transformation.