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<p>Managing flash floods in arid regions is critical for water security and disaster risk management. The present work employs a high-resolution, two-dimensional MIKE 21 hydrodynamic model to simulate flow dynamics, inundation patterns, and anthropogenic impacts along a 72&#xa0;km stretch of the Jojari River in the semi-arid Thar Desert (2015–2020). The model is driven by a digital elevation model, precipitation and discharge data, and explicitly accounts for point sources such as a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) and Banas Pond. Results reveal that flow behavior is dominated by CETP discharges during non-monsoon periods, while intense rainfall events drive lateral flooding and significant inundation, particularly upstream. The model identified an exponential increase in inundated perimeter over time during peak events, with approximately 69% of the total flooded area (1.13&#xa0;km²) occurring within the first seven hours. Notable velocity accelerations were observed near Banas Pond, with U-component velocity of 0.045&#xa0;m/s and V-component velocity of 0.06&#xa0;m/s. The flow direction also shifted markedly near the CETP discharge point, where the U-component reached − 0.135&#xa0;m/s, indicating westward flow and revealing localized hydraulic alterations. These results provide a detailed spatio-temporal characterization of flow and inundation dynamics in a complex, anthropogenically influenced desert river system during rare extreme rainfall events.</p>

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MIKE 2D-hydrodynamic modelling of the Jojari River: spatio-temporal analysis of flow, inundation, and anthropogenic influences (2015–2020)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Aman Meena,
  • Himanchal Bhardwaj,
  • Pankaj Jakhar,
  • Venkata Ravibabu Mandla,
  • Anand Krishnan Plappally

摘要

Managing flash floods in arid regions is critical for water security and disaster risk management. The present work employs a high-resolution, two-dimensional MIKE 21 hydrodynamic model to simulate flow dynamics, inundation patterns, and anthropogenic impacts along a 72 km stretch of the Jojari River in the semi-arid Thar Desert (2015–2020). The model is driven by a digital elevation model, precipitation and discharge data, and explicitly accounts for point sources such as a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) and Banas Pond. Results reveal that flow behavior is dominated by CETP discharges during non-monsoon periods, while intense rainfall events drive lateral flooding and significant inundation, particularly upstream. The model identified an exponential increase in inundated perimeter over time during peak events, with approximately 69% of the total flooded area (1.13 km²) occurring within the first seven hours. Notable velocity accelerations were observed near Banas Pond, with U-component velocity of 0.045 m/s and V-component velocity of 0.06 m/s. The flow direction also shifted markedly near the CETP discharge point, where the U-component reached − 0.135 m/s, indicating westward flow and revealing localized hydraulic alterations. These results provide a detailed spatio-temporal characterization of flow and inundation dynamics in a complex, anthropogenically influenced desert river system during rare extreme rainfall events.