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<p>As China's longest river, the Yangtze River plays a crucial role in national social and economic development. It is therefore imperative to explore the factors influencing its environmental efficiency, as well as the characteristics and intensity of human activities within its ecosystems. Based on the ecological resource and socioeconomic data from the Yangtze River Basin spanning 2010–2021, this study first quantified the emergy ecological footprint and carrying capacity to assess the basin’s environmental status. It then used the Super‑SBM‑Malmquist model to evaluate ecological efficiency across regions and, finally, applied Tobit modeling combined with spatial analysis to examine dynamic changes in ecological efficiency and identify its key determinants. The results indicate significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity with respect to ecological footprint and ecological efficiency. Various natural and human-related factors together shape variations in ecological indicators and generate significant synergistic interactions. Ecological efficiency has steadily improved, though some provinces still need to coordinate development with ecological conservation better. Industry expansion reduces ecological efficiency, while urbanization and foreign investment yield positive impacts, and technological progress also serves as a key driver of regional ecological efficiency.</p>

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Analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of energy ecological footprint and ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Jingjie Li,
  • Yujie Zhang,
  • Yifan Wang,
  • Cai Li,
  • Yuman Hong,
  • Bolin Li

摘要

As China's longest river, the Yangtze River plays a crucial role in national social and economic development. It is therefore imperative to explore the factors influencing its environmental efficiency, as well as the characteristics and intensity of human activities within its ecosystems. Based on the ecological resource and socioeconomic data from the Yangtze River Basin spanning 2010–2021, this study first quantified the emergy ecological footprint and carrying capacity to assess the basin’s environmental status. It then used the Super‑SBM‑Malmquist model to evaluate ecological efficiency across regions and, finally, applied Tobit modeling combined with spatial analysis to examine dynamic changes in ecological efficiency and identify its key determinants. The results indicate significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity with respect to ecological footprint and ecological efficiency. Various natural and human-related factors together shape variations in ecological indicators and generate significant synergistic interactions. Ecological efficiency has steadily improved, though some provinces still need to coordinate development with ecological conservation better. Industry expansion reduces ecological efficiency, while urbanization and foreign investment yield positive impacts, and technological progress also serves as a key driver of regional ecological efficiency.