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<p>Maize-based production system in North Bihar is currently facing challenges of climate change and natural resource management. Maize is a prominent cereal crop of north Bihar and caters to the energy need of the human and livestock. It also plays a significant role in contributing to agricultural Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission amid rising demand from different agro-industrial sector. A three-year (2020-21 to 2022-23) field experiment was conducted to evaluate three zero-tillage (ZT) maize-based production systems: maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)–wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)–greengram (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.) (T1); maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)–mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> L.)–greengram (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.) (T2); and maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)–lentil (<i>Lens culinaris</i> Medik.)–greengram (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.) (T3), along with varied reducing levels of inorganic fertilizers (N-P-K) ranging from 140-60-50 to 100-60–40&#xa0;kg ha⁻¹. The 10% crop residue was retained at field and studies on soil organic carbon (SOC), energy use efficiency (EUE), yield, sustainability index and GHG fluxes were made. T3 (maizelentilgreengram) produced the greatest sustainability index of 16.39 during 2022-23. Comparison to 2020-21 indicated a decrease of 12.15% (CO₂), 25.11% (CH₄), and 45.03% (N₂O), resulting in the lowest total emissions of 1561.75&#xa0;kg CO₂-equivalent ha⁻¹. SOC increased up to 36.35%, with treatment T3 showing the highest rise (~ 1.89%) due to legume nitrogen fixation and residue retention. EUE increased from 27.19 to 37.26% across different treatments; grain energy productivity improved to 36.87%. Carbon footprint got reduced by 10.22 to 12.38% in post-study compared to ante-study. Cereal–legume-based cultivation with ZT-technique enhances soil health and mitigation GHG-emission in Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (EIGP). Policymakers should incentivize adoption through monetary benefits and awareness.</p>

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Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions through diversified crop rotation, reduce fertilizer and crop residue management in the context of climate resilient agriculture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Tarun Kumar,
  • Ratnesh Kumar Jha,
  • Vijay Singh Meena,
  • Alka Rani,
  • Ramakrishna Roy,
  • Santosh Kumar Gupta

摘要

Maize-based production system in North Bihar is currently facing challenges of climate change and natural resource management. Maize is a prominent cereal crop of north Bihar and caters to the energy need of the human and livestock. It also plays a significant role in contributing to agricultural Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission amid rising demand from different agro-industrial sector. A three-year (2020-21 to 2022-23) field experiment was conducted to evaluate three zero-tillage (ZT) maize-based production systems: maize (Zea mays L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–greengram (Vigna radiata L.) (T1); maize (Zea mays L.)–mustard (Brassica juncea L.)–greengram (Vigna radiata L.) (T2); and maize (Zea mays L.)–lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)–greengram (Vigna radiata L.) (T3), along with varied reducing levels of inorganic fertilizers (N-P-K) ranging from 140-60-50 to 100-60–40 kg ha⁻¹. The 10% crop residue was retained at field and studies on soil organic carbon (SOC), energy use efficiency (EUE), yield, sustainability index and GHG fluxes were made. T3 (maizelentilgreengram) produced the greatest sustainability index of 16.39 during 2022-23. Comparison to 2020-21 indicated a decrease of 12.15% (CO₂), 25.11% (CH₄), and 45.03% (N₂O), resulting in the lowest total emissions of 1561.75 kg CO₂-equivalent ha⁻¹. SOC increased up to 36.35%, with treatment T3 showing the highest rise (~ 1.89%) due to legume nitrogen fixation and residue retention. EUE increased from 27.19 to 37.26% across different treatments; grain energy productivity improved to 36.87%. Carbon footprint got reduced by 10.22 to 12.38% in post-study compared to ante-study. Cereal–legume-based cultivation with ZT-technique enhances soil health and mitigation GHG-emission in Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (EIGP). Policymakers should incentivize adoption through monetary benefits and awareness.