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<p>In India, irrigation-induced waterlogged saline soils are undermining crop production and livelihoods. Subsurface drainage (SSD) is a scalable technology for reclamation of such degraded lands with significant economic and environmental benefits; however, robust and empirical evidence on its adoption behaviour and economic impacts at the regional scale remains scarce and limited. Based on a survey of 200 farmers from Haryana and Maharashtra, this study evaluates SSD adoption behaviour, its effects on crop productivity, and economic benefits at the regional scale using the economic surplus model. Results show that SSD adoption significantly enhanced crop productivity, with sugarcane yields increased by 62.4% in Maharashtra and wheat and rice yields increased by 30.9% and 46.5%, respectively, in Haryana. By 2023, the estimates show that the economic benefits of SSD are USD 643.7&#xa0;million in Haryana and USD 346.4&#xa0;million in Maharashtra. In spite of these benefits of SSD, by 2023 its adoption rate remains low, with only 16.65% and 6.34% in Haryana and Maharashtra, respectively. Further, projections show that adoption rates by 2030 may be 21.14% and 19.28% in Haryana and Maharashtra, respectively under BAU (Business-as-usual) scenario. In the view of key findings, this study suggests that the implementation of prioritized and region-specific schemes, awareness programmes, public-private partnerships, strengthened institutional support with adequate financial (allocation of funds and subsidy) and human resources and, participatory and collective action at the grassroots level are crucial to accelerate SSD uptake to ensure the livelihood and environmental security of degraded areas.</p>

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Drain, gain and sustain waterlogged-saline lands: assessing the impact of sub-surface drainage in India for policy perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Suresh Kumar,
  • Satyendra Kumar,
  • Pratap Singh Birthal,
  • Ranjay K. Singh,
  • Rajkumar,
  • Bhupender,
  • Rohtash Kumar,
  • Anil Kumar,
  • R. K. Yadav

摘要

In India, irrigation-induced waterlogged saline soils are undermining crop production and livelihoods. Subsurface drainage (SSD) is a scalable technology for reclamation of such degraded lands with significant economic and environmental benefits; however, robust and empirical evidence on its adoption behaviour and economic impacts at the regional scale remains scarce and limited. Based on a survey of 200 farmers from Haryana and Maharashtra, this study evaluates SSD adoption behaviour, its effects on crop productivity, and economic benefits at the regional scale using the economic surplus model. Results show that SSD adoption significantly enhanced crop productivity, with sugarcane yields increased by 62.4% in Maharashtra and wheat and rice yields increased by 30.9% and 46.5%, respectively, in Haryana. By 2023, the estimates show that the economic benefits of SSD are USD 643.7 million in Haryana and USD 346.4 million in Maharashtra. In spite of these benefits of SSD, by 2023 its adoption rate remains low, with only 16.65% and 6.34% in Haryana and Maharashtra, respectively. Further, projections show that adoption rates by 2030 may be 21.14% and 19.28% in Haryana and Maharashtra, respectively under BAU (Business-as-usual) scenario. In the view of key findings, this study suggests that the implementation of prioritized and region-specific schemes, awareness programmes, public-private partnerships, strengthened institutional support with adequate financial (allocation of funds and subsidy) and human resources and, participatory and collective action at the grassroots level are crucial to accelerate SSD uptake to ensure the livelihood and environmental security of degraded areas.