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<p>The healthy synergistic development of the Food-Water-Energy-Ecosystem (FWEE) nexus is crucial for maintaining basin ecological security and economic growth. However, achieving synergistic FWEE development within inland river basins remains a significant challenge to attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study proposes an integrated analytical framework designed for the synergistic management of multiple FWEE-related SDGs. Using the Aral Sea Basin as a case study, it develops models for each relevant SDGs and designs twenty-seven scenarios. These scenarios vary in water resource availability, food demand, and irrigation efficiency. A bi-level fuzzy multi-objective programming approach is applied to manage the interlinkages between different SDGs. The results show that (1) agricultural irrigation efficiency significantly impacts overall system benefits. As irrigation efficiency improves, the amount of water allocated to the ecological sector increases significantly. Hence, expanding drip irrigation coverage or enhancing water conservancy facilities is crucial for the basin’s sustainable development. (2) Optimizing the planting structure of wheat and maize can further help reduce water use in agriculture. (3) The power sector has low water use but provides significant system benefits for each unit of water. Therefore, stronger cooperation among upstream and downstream countries is crucial to secure water for power generation. These findings improve policymakers’ understanding of the connections between SDGs objectives within the FWEE nexus and offer solutions for promoting sustainable development.</p>

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Analyzing the synergistic relationship of FWEE-SDGs in the inland river basins using bi-level fuzzy multi-objective optimization: a case study of the Aral Sea Basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Chaoliang Chen,
  • Zengyun Hu,
  • Tie Liu,
  • Xi Chen,
  • Kurishbayev Akylbek Kazhigulovich,
  • Duman Yimamaidi,
  • Weifeng Guo,
  • Yesong Han

摘要

The healthy synergistic development of the Food-Water-Energy-Ecosystem (FWEE) nexus is crucial for maintaining basin ecological security and economic growth. However, achieving synergistic FWEE development within inland river basins remains a significant challenge to attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study proposes an integrated analytical framework designed for the synergistic management of multiple FWEE-related SDGs. Using the Aral Sea Basin as a case study, it develops models for each relevant SDGs and designs twenty-seven scenarios. These scenarios vary in water resource availability, food demand, and irrigation efficiency. A bi-level fuzzy multi-objective programming approach is applied to manage the interlinkages between different SDGs. The results show that (1) agricultural irrigation efficiency significantly impacts overall system benefits. As irrigation efficiency improves, the amount of water allocated to the ecological sector increases significantly. Hence, expanding drip irrigation coverage or enhancing water conservancy facilities is crucial for the basin’s sustainable development. (2) Optimizing the planting structure of wheat and maize can further help reduce water use in agriculture. (3) The power sector has low water use but provides significant system benefits for each unit of water. Therefore, stronger cooperation among upstream and downstream countries is crucial to secure water for power generation. These findings improve policymakers’ understanding of the connections between SDGs objectives within the FWEE nexus and offer solutions for promoting sustainable development.