<p>Accelerated urbanisation has transformed a large number of natural landscapes into cultural landscapes. Regional carbon loss is constantly intensifying, and extreme high-temperature events are occurring frequently around the world, which have seriously threatened the lives, health and property safety of people in all countries. The Hokkien Golden Triangle (HGT) is located in the southeast of Fujian Province and is the economic core area of Fujian. Studying the correlation between carbon storage and heat mitigation capacity in this region can provide a scientific basis for future regional landscape planning, the formulation of carbon reduction policies, and the improvement of the regional thermal environment. Based on the land use data and evapotranspiration data from five periods in 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015 and 2023, this paper employs the InVEST model to analyse the changes in Carbon Storage(CS) and Heat Mitigation Index(HMI) caused by Land Use/Cover Change(LUCC) in the study area, and uses the bivariate local Moran's I to analyze the correlation between CS and HMI in the study area. The results show that: (1) From 1985 to 2023, cropland, grassland, water and barren land decreased in the HGT region, while forest and impervious surfaces increased. The change in impervious surfaces was the most significant, increasing by 1,685.06km². (2) From 1985 to 2023, CS in the HGT region first increased and then decreased. The transfer of high-carbon-density cropland surfaces to low-carbon-density impervious surfaces was the main reason of the change. (3) The overall heat relief capacity of the study area is relatively strong, but the heat relief capacity of the economic core area of the Xiamen-Zhangzhou metropolitan area in the east is relatively weak. This area shows that the fragmented small patches of low heat relief gradually expanded into large patches and eventually formed interconnected channels among the large patches from 1985 to 2023.A 0.1-unit increase in thermal relief in the HGT corresponds to a HMI of approximately 0.78℃ (4) The CS in HGT region shows a gradually increasing positive correlation with the urban cooling capacity. In 2023, the Moran Index was 0.615. Low-low and high-high aggregation characteristics emerged respectively in the eastern and western parts of the study area(<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).(5)The future planning for the HGT could consider establishing a carbon and heat compensation trading mechanism between the eastern and western parts. This would involve protecting high-quality cropland and forest land to increase CS, and using blue and green ventilation corridors for construction to alleviate heat stress.</p>