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<p>Analyzing how farmland landscape patterns affect the risk of heavy metals pollution in soil is crucial for protecting farmland ecosystems. We collected 99 topsoil samples throughout Tieling County, China, and determined Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and Hg concentrations. The Nemerow pollution index (PN) was used to quantify overall contamination, and a spatial error model (SEM) was employed to relate pollution levels to landscape metrics. Mean metal concentrations ranged from 0.065 to 1.294&#xa0;mg kg⁻¹, all below national risk-screening thresholds. Regions with elevated integrated heavy metals pollution risks exhibit structured aggregation, primarily centered around urban areas. The risk of heavy metals pollution in farmland soil closely correlates with locational factors, particularly in urban areas, along roads, and near rivers. Moreover, farmland landscape pattern indices demonstrate significant associations with soil heavy metals pollution risk. Fragmentation, maximum patch index, and cohesion index display negative correlations, while aggregation, landscape shape index, and percentage of landscape index show positive correlations. Our comprehensive findings elucidate the mechanisms by which farmland landscape patterns influence soil heavy metals pollution risk, providing a theoretical and methodological foundation for optimizing these patterns to mitigate such risks.</p>

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Effect of farmland landscape patterns on the heavy metals pollution risk of farmland soil of Tieling County, Northeast China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Fengkui Qian,
  • Yuyang Ji,
  • Tianyi Shao,
  • Ranran Pang,
  • Xiangguo Wang,
  • Yuanjun Yu

摘要

Analyzing how farmland landscape patterns affect the risk of heavy metals pollution in soil is crucial for protecting farmland ecosystems. We collected 99 topsoil samples throughout Tieling County, China, and determined Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and Hg concentrations. The Nemerow pollution index (PN) was used to quantify overall contamination, and a spatial error model (SEM) was employed to relate pollution levels to landscape metrics. Mean metal concentrations ranged from 0.065 to 1.294 mg kg⁻¹, all below national risk-screening thresholds. Regions with elevated integrated heavy metals pollution risks exhibit structured aggregation, primarily centered around urban areas. The risk of heavy metals pollution in farmland soil closely correlates with locational factors, particularly in urban areas, along roads, and near rivers. Moreover, farmland landscape pattern indices demonstrate significant associations with soil heavy metals pollution risk. Fragmentation, maximum patch index, and cohesion index display negative correlations, while aggregation, landscape shape index, and percentage of landscape index show positive correlations. Our comprehensive findings elucidate the mechanisms by which farmland landscape patterns influence soil heavy metals pollution risk, providing a theoretical and methodological foundation for optimizing these patterns to mitigate such risks.