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<p>Urban environments are increasingly burdened by air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), which poses significant challenges to plant health and ecosystem functioning. While many studies have examined the role of urban trees in mitigating air pollution, limited attention has been paid to how rising PM levels affect the carbon assimilation ability and associated physiological dynamics of tropical tree species commonly used in urban landscaping. This study aims to assess the physiological responses of tropical urban tree species to varying levels of PM exposure, with a specific focus on carbon assimilation dynamics, in order to rationalize species selection for urban plantations under PM stress. A simulation experiment was conducted using five tropical tree species <i>viz. Mangifera indica</i> L., <i>Psidium guajava</i> L., <i>Ficus religiosa</i> L., <i>Azadirachta indica</i> Juss., and <i>Dalbergia sissoo</i> Roxb. differing in leaf morphology and functional groups. The experiment assessed changes in plant height, biomass allocation, carbon assimilation rates, and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) dynamics under different levels of PM exposure. Exposure to PM led to reduced plant height and a shift in biomass allocation toward root across all species. Simple-leaved species exhibited a significant decline in carbon assimilation due to PM-induced leaf surface heating and photosynthetic disruption. However, these species prioritized carbohydrate storage, as indicated by increased whole-tree NSC levels. In contrast, compound-leaved species mobilized stored NSCs from perennial structures to sustain growth under PM stress, reflected by reduced total soluble sugars and improved growth. The physiological response to PM was more strongly influenced by leaf morphology than by functional group. The study highlights the importance of leaf morphology in determining species resilience to PM pollution. It suggests that though the compound-leaved species are better suited for urban plantations in PM polluted, offering a strategic approach to urban greenery planning that aligns with both environmental stress tolerance and long-term ecosystem service delivery.</p>

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Evaluating the role of particulate matter in the carbon dynamics of tropical tree species: Implications for sustainable urban greening

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月30日

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  • Harshita Singh,
  • Pallavi Singh,
  • Shashi Bhushan Agrawal,
  • Madhoolika Agrawal

摘要

Urban environments are increasingly burdened by air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), which poses significant challenges to plant health and ecosystem functioning. While many studies have examined the role of urban trees in mitigating air pollution, limited attention has been paid to how rising PM levels affect the carbon assimilation ability and associated physiological dynamics of tropical tree species commonly used in urban landscaping. This study aims to assess the physiological responses of tropical urban tree species to varying levels of PM exposure, with a specific focus on carbon assimilation dynamics, in order to rationalize species selection for urban plantations under PM stress. A simulation experiment was conducted using five tropical tree species viz. Mangifera indica L., Psidium guajava L., Ficus religiosa L., Azadirachta indica Juss., and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. differing in leaf morphology and functional groups. The experiment assessed changes in plant height, biomass allocation, carbon assimilation rates, and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) dynamics under different levels of PM exposure. Exposure to PM led to reduced plant height and a shift in biomass allocation toward root across all species. Simple-leaved species exhibited a significant decline in carbon assimilation due to PM-induced leaf surface heating and photosynthetic disruption. However, these species prioritized carbohydrate storage, as indicated by increased whole-tree NSC levels. In contrast, compound-leaved species mobilized stored NSCs from perennial structures to sustain growth under PM stress, reflected by reduced total soluble sugars and improved growth. The physiological response to PM was more strongly influenced by leaf morphology than by functional group. The study highlights the importance of leaf morphology in determining species resilience to PM pollution. It suggests that though the compound-leaved species are better suited for urban plantations in PM polluted, offering a strategic approach to urban greenery planning that aligns with both environmental stress tolerance and long-term ecosystem service delivery.