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<p>This study investigates the potential of a carbon-based adsorbent derived from waste mattress foam for the removal of sulfate (SO₄<sup>2</sup>⁻) from aqueous solutions. The polyurethane (PU) foam, with its high carbon content of approximately 64%, was utilized both in its unmodified form (PU) and after chemical modification with FeCl₃ (PUMD). Comprehensive characterization of the adsorbents was conducted using FTIR, BET, TGA, and SEM–EDX analyses. Batch experiments were performed to optimize various parameters including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and initial concentration. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in sulfate removal efficiency from 37.8% to 69.4% at 500&#xa0;mg/L initial sulfate concentration, and pH 4.8 following FeCl₃ modification. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal initial pH, which was found to be 4.8 for PUMD and 5.0 for PU. The experimental sulfate adsorption capacities (q<sub>exp</sub>) were determined to be 42.23&#xa0;mg/g and 18.9&#xa0;mg/g for PUMD and PU, respectively, highlighting the effectiveness of the chemical modification. Isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption process for PU adhered well to the Freundlich model, while PUMD followed the R-P isotherm. Kinetic analyses indicated that both adsorbents fit the pseudo-second-order model. This research demonstrates the feasibility of repurposing waste mattress foam as an effective adsorbent for sulfate removal, contributing to both water treatment technologies and waste management strategies.</p>

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Chemical modification and optimization of waste polyurethane foam for enhanced sulfate adsorption: a circular economy approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Satyam Mishra,
  • Haroon Haridas,
  • Suresh Sundaramurthy,
  • Mrityunjay Singh Chauhan,
  • Piet N. L. Lens

摘要

This study investigates the potential of a carbon-based adsorbent derived from waste mattress foam for the removal of sulfate (SO₄2⁻) from aqueous solutions. The polyurethane (PU) foam, with its high carbon content of approximately 64%, was utilized both in its unmodified form (PU) and after chemical modification with FeCl₃ (PUMD). Comprehensive characterization of the adsorbents was conducted using FTIR, BET, TGA, and SEM–EDX analyses. Batch experiments were performed to optimize various parameters including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and initial concentration. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in sulfate removal efficiency from 37.8% to 69.4% at 500 mg/L initial sulfate concentration, and pH 4.8 following FeCl₃ modification. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal initial pH, which was found to be 4.8 for PUMD and 5.0 for PU. The experimental sulfate adsorption capacities (qexp) were determined to be 42.23 mg/g and 18.9 mg/g for PUMD and PU, respectively, highlighting the effectiveness of the chemical modification. Isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption process for PU adhered well to the Freundlich model, while PUMD followed the R-P isotherm. Kinetic analyses indicated that both adsorbents fit the pseudo-second-order model. This research demonstrates the feasibility of repurposing waste mattress foam as an effective adsorbent for sulfate removal, contributing to both water treatment technologies and waste management strategies.