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<p>The impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on human health and urban environmental is critical in rapidly growing megacities. This study investigates PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Guangzhou, analyzing its diurnal and monthly variability, vertical transport characteristics, low-altitude transport pathways, and potential source regions. Global Meteorological reanalysis and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration data are combined with the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, along with Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) and Concentration - Weighted Trajectory (CWT) methods, to simulate the dispersion of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and identify pollutant source areas. Results suggest PM<sub>2.5</sub> displays a diurnal double-peak pattern, with maxima at 11:00–13:00 and 20:00–22:00, and a monthly U-shaped variation. The trajectories during the transition season are significantly influenced by three main paths: the north path (46.78%), the east path (45.06%), and the south path (8.15%). In the wet season, the dominant trajectories are the near and far branch of south path (35.68% and 13.82% respectively), the north path (19.89%), southeast path (19.32%), and two east paths (10.44% and 0.85% respectively). During the dry season, the trajectories are primarily from the north path (49.49%), followed by the northeast path (28.02%) and the east path (22.49%). The northeast and east paths exhibit relatively high PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations: 32.17&#xa0;µg·m<sup>− 3</sup> for the east path in transition season; 25.61 and 20.82&#xa0;µg·m<sup>− 3</sup> for the two eastward trajectories in wet season; and 39.61 and 34.08&#xa0;µg·m<sup>− 3</sup> for the northeast and east paths in dry season, respectively. According to our PSCF and CWT analysis, the main potential sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Guangzhou are concentrated in surrounding cities such as Huizhou, Heyuan, and the southeastern coastal areas of China. In these areas, WPSCF values consistently range from 0.7 to 1, while WCWT values range from 28 to over 40&#xa0;µg·m<sup>− 3</sup>, exceeding Guangzhou’s annual mean of 24.49&#xa0;µg·m<sup>− 3</sup>. These findings highlight the significant influence of long-range transport and regional topography on air quality in Guangzhou, underscoring the need for regional joint control across the Pearl River Delta, Jiangxi, and the southeastern coastal provinces.</p>

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Identification of the transport paths and potential pollution sources for PM2.5 in Guangzhou City, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Xin-Yi Cai,
  • Ni Zhang,
  • Wan-Ni Xu,
  • Dan-Yao Cai,
  • Si-Yi Zhang,
  • Zhi-Yun Jiang

摘要

The impact of PM2.5 on human health and urban environmental is critical in rapidly growing megacities. This study investigates PM2.5 in Guangzhou, analyzing its diurnal and monthly variability, vertical transport characteristics, low-altitude transport pathways, and potential source regions. Global Meteorological reanalysis and PM2.5 concentration data are combined with the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, along with Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) and Concentration - Weighted Trajectory (CWT) methods, to simulate the dispersion of PM2.5 and identify pollutant source areas. Results suggest PM2.5 displays a diurnal double-peak pattern, with maxima at 11:00–13:00 and 20:00–22:00, and a monthly U-shaped variation. The trajectories during the transition season are significantly influenced by three main paths: the north path (46.78%), the east path (45.06%), and the south path (8.15%). In the wet season, the dominant trajectories are the near and far branch of south path (35.68% and 13.82% respectively), the north path (19.89%), southeast path (19.32%), and two east paths (10.44% and 0.85% respectively). During the dry season, the trajectories are primarily from the north path (49.49%), followed by the northeast path (28.02%) and the east path (22.49%). The northeast and east paths exhibit relatively high PM2.5 concentrations: 32.17 µg·m− 3 for the east path in transition season; 25.61 and 20.82 µg·m− 3 for the two eastward trajectories in wet season; and 39.61 and 34.08 µg·m− 3 for the northeast and east paths in dry season, respectively. According to our PSCF and CWT analysis, the main potential sources of PM2.5 in Guangzhou are concentrated in surrounding cities such as Huizhou, Heyuan, and the southeastern coastal areas of China. In these areas, WPSCF values consistently range from 0.7 to 1, while WCWT values range from 28 to over 40 µg·m− 3, exceeding Guangzhou’s annual mean of 24.49 µg·m− 3. These findings highlight the significant influence of long-range transport and regional topography on air quality in Guangzhou, underscoring the need for regional joint control across the Pearl River Delta, Jiangxi, and the southeastern coastal provinces.