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<p>Global climate change and resource constraints make enhancing regional green technology innovation efficiency (RGTIE) vital for sustainable development. Despite China’s progress in green innovation, significant regional disparities remain. This study develops a green innovation ecosystem framework, measures RGTIE in 30 provinces from 2012 To 2022 using a two-stage network slack-based DEA model, and applies dynamic fsQCA to identify pathways to high or low efficiency. Results show that no single factor ensures high RGTIE; rather, synergy among actors, resources, and environment is essential. Five high-efficiency pathways are revealed—actor–resource enriched, environment-inclusive, market-concentration driven, market-advantage substitution, and regulation-driven. Low efficiency arises mainly from fiscal-dependency dilemmas, knowledge–technology disconnects, resource exhaustion, and weak regulation. The findings highlight strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity and substitution effects among innovation factors. The study concludes that developed regions should consolidate talent and resource advantages, while less-developed areas should strengthen foundational innovation elements and refine fiscal and regulatory mechanisms. These insights offer targeted guidance for building resilient green innovation ecosystems and accelerating sustainable economic transformation.</p>

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Exploring pathways to regional green technology innovation efficiency: drivers, barriers, and insights from configurational pathways analysis in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Qinwen Deng,
  • Yue Long,
  • Rudong Nie

摘要

Global climate change and resource constraints make enhancing regional green technology innovation efficiency (RGTIE) vital for sustainable development. Despite China’s progress in green innovation, significant regional disparities remain. This study develops a green innovation ecosystem framework, measures RGTIE in 30 provinces from 2012 To 2022 using a two-stage network slack-based DEA model, and applies dynamic fsQCA to identify pathways to high or low efficiency. Results show that no single factor ensures high RGTIE; rather, synergy among actors, resources, and environment is essential. Five high-efficiency pathways are revealed—actor–resource enriched, environment-inclusive, market-concentration driven, market-advantage substitution, and regulation-driven. Low efficiency arises mainly from fiscal-dependency dilemmas, knowledge–technology disconnects, resource exhaustion, and weak regulation. The findings highlight strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity and substitution effects among innovation factors. The study concludes that developed regions should consolidate talent and resource advantages, while less-developed areas should strengthen foundational innovation elements and refine fiscal and regulatory mechanisms. These insights offer targeted guidance for building resilient green innovation ecosystems and accelerating sustainable economic transformation.