<p>Climate change presents a formidable challenge to sustainable development, profoundly impacting ecosystems, economies, and societies globally. Despite the pressing need to address these challenges, there is a dearth of comprehensive studies on the evolution and trends of climate economy research. This study aims to Bridge this gap by performing a bibliometric analysis of 1,777 publications from 2003 to 2022, providing a systematic mapping and development track analysis of the field. Our findings reveal that (1) the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and China are the leading contributors to this research domain; (2) there is an emerging trend focusing on the economic costs associated with climate change mitigation; and (3) climate economy research is predominantly interconnected with environmental, energy, and policy dimensions. This paper contributes to the literature by offering a visualized knowledge domain of climate economy research, facilitating a deeper understanding of its development over the past two decades. Furthermore, identifying the research frontiers over time equips policymakers with insights into the current challenges and potential solutions. These findings underscore the critical importance of international collaboration and integrative strategies in addressing climate challenges and fostering economic sustainability.</p>