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<p>The maturation and spawning of fish in riverine systems are closely influenced by hydro-climatic conditions, particularly in major river such as the Ganga. The present study investigates the impact of climate change and environmental factors on the reproductive biology of Hilsa shad (<i>Tenualosa ilisha</i>) in the Farakka region of the River Ganga. The results indicated that Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) values for both male and female specimens peaked during the early winter months (November to December), followed by a steady decline. This trend suggests that spawning most likely takes place in late November or early December. Rainfall (RF) showed a statistically significant positive correlation with GSI during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas air temperature (AT) exhibited a negative influence during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Furthermore, the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) indicated a strong, non-linear yet positive relationship between water temperature and GSI values, particularly within the range of 25–28&#xa0;°C. This study presents novel insights into how environmental variables influence the reproductive capacity of <i>T. ilisha</i> in the River Ganga.</p>

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Reproductive vulnerability of Tenualosa Ilisha in the river Ganga: a climate-driven challenge

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Basanta Kumar Das,
  • Bandana Das Ghosh,
  • Archisman Ray,
  • Sourav Kumar Nandy,
  • Hena Chakraborty,
  • Arghya Kunui,
  • Nabo Kumar Acharjya,
  • Sanatan Paul,
  • Amiya Kumar Sahoo,
  • Santhana Kumar V,
  • Dharmendra Kumar Meena

摘要

The maturation and spawning of fish in riverine systems are closely influenced by hydro-climatic conditions, particularly in major river such as the Ganga. The present study investigates the impact of climate change and environmental factors on the reproductive biology of Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) in the Farakka region of the River Ganga. The results indicated that Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) values for both male and female specimens peaked during the early winter months (November to December), followed by a steady decline. This trend suggests that spawning most likely takes place in late November or early December. Rainfall (RF) showed a statistically significant positive correlation with GSI during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons (p < 0.05), whereas air temperature (AT) exhibited a negative influence during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Furthermore, the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) indicated a strong, non-linear yet positive relationship between water temperature and GSI values, particularly within the range of 25–28 °C. This study presents novel insights into how environmental variables influence the reproductive capacity of T. ilisha in the River Ganga.