<p>Against the backdrop of tightening ecological constraints and urgent demands for transformation, the synergistic enhancement of green development efficiency in marine fisheries has emerged as a critical issue for unlocking the potential of the blue economy. This study focuses on 11 coastal provinces in China from 2008 to 2022, constructing an evaluation system encompassing economic, ecological, and social dimensions. Utilizing the super-efficiency SBM model, it analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution trends of green development efficiency in marine fisheries. Furthermore, it employs the modified gravity model, Social Network Analysis (SNA), and Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model (TERGM) to explore the structural characteristics and influencing mechanisms of its spatial correlation network. The findings reveal: (1) The green development efficiency has improved, with regional disparities gradually narrowing, yet exhibiting relatively distinct spatiotemporal heterogeneity. (2) Spillover effects have progressively intensified, complexity has increased, and the spatial correlation network has continuously strengthened. (3) Interactions between provinces and municipalities have tightened, spatial polarization features have become prominent, and the correlations among the four major regions need strengthening. (4) The formation and evolution of the spatial correlation network for green development efficiency in marine fisheries result from the combined effects of endogenous structural mechanisms and exogenous influencing factors. To enhance green development efficiency and promote cross-regional collaboration, the study recommends improving multi-level coordination mechanisms, building a green value chain system, and advancing land-sea coordination and international cooperation.</p>