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<p>The global rise in population has intensified challenges in waste management and food security. Accumulated landfill waste emits harmful compounds, while ensuring sufficient food for humans and feed for animals remains critical. The Black Soldier Fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>) offers a sustainable solution, as its larvae can transform organic waste into nutrient-rich animal feed. This study evaluates the effect of supplementing food waste with affordable, locally available additives to enhance the nutritional value and economic viability of BSFL. Supplements included sesame cake, safflower cake, cotton seed cake, groundnut cake, rice bran, red gram husk, green gram husk, unhatched eggs, and wheat bran. Groundnut cake emerged as the best-performing supplement, yielding larvae with the highest protein (56&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g), energy (2.008&#xa0;MJ/100&#xa0;g), and benefit-cost ratio (9.1). Sesame cake and cotton seed cake also produced nutritionally superior larvae, with protein contents of 50&#xa0;g and 44&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g respectively, and B: C ratios of 4.2 and 5.3. Wheat bran-based diets offered moderate returns (protein 23&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g; B:C ratio 3.6) but were still superior to the control diet. Unhatched eggs, while moderately nutritious, yielded the lowest B: C ratio (0.8), indicating limited economic viability. The study emphasizes that certain food waste inputs can effectively boost the output and quality of BSFL-derived feed, aligning well with the principles of circular resource management by upgrading low-grade waste into valuable animal feed products.</p>

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Optimization of nutritional properties of black soldier fly larvae via supplementation using oil cakes, husk, Bran and unhatched eggs: applications for Waste-to-Feed conversion and sustain feed enhancement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • D. Saicharan,
  • V. Anitha,
  • G. Anitha,
  • A. Kalaisekhar,
  • Bhojendra Patel

摘要

The global rise in population has intensified challenges in waste management and food security. Accumulated landfill waste emits harmful compounds, while ensuring sufficient food for humans and feed for animals remains critical. The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) offers a sustainable solution, as its larvae can transform organic waste into nutrient-rich animal feed. This study evaluates the effect of supplementing food waste with affordable, locally available additives to enhance the nutritional value and economic viability of BSFL. Supplements included sesame cake, safflower cake, cotton seed cake, groundnut cake, rice bran, red gram husk, green gram husk, unhatched eggs, and wheat bran. Groundnut cake emerged as the best-performing supplement, yielding larvae with the highest protein (56 g/100 g), energy (2.008 MJ/100 g), and benefit-cost ratio (9.1). Sesame cake and cotton seed cake also produced nutritionally superior larvae, with protein contents of 50 g and 44 g/100 g respectively, and B: C ratios of 4.2 and 5.3. Wheat bran-based diets offered moderate returns (protein 23 g/100 g; B:C ratio 3.6) but were still superior to the control diet. Unhatched eggs, while moderately nutritious, yielded the lowest B: C ratio (0.8), indicating limited economic viability. The study emphasizes that certain food waste inputs can effectively boost the output and quality of BSFL-derived feed, aligning well with the principles of circular resource management by upgrading low-grade waste into valuable animal feed products.