<p>Advancing corporate green innovation is vital for sustainability, yet how shareholder interactions influence this process is poorly understood. This paper investigates the effect of shareholder resource synergy on corporate green innovation within China’s unique institutional context. Using a panel dataset of Chinese A-share corporations spanning 2009 to 2023, we employ fixed-effects regression models to analyze this relationship. The findings indicate that shareholder resource synergy markedly promotes green innovation in firms, boosting both its quantity and quality. Mechanism analysis reveals this positive impact stems from enhanced corporate dynamic capabilities and the inhibition of managerial myopia. Moreover, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect on green innovation quality is stronger in state-owned enterprises and less-polluting companies. Our research enriches the academic discourse by underlining shareholder synergy as a pivotal factor in environmental innovation and offers valuable insights for managers and policymakers aiming to advance corporate sustainability.</p>