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<p>Soil bacterial communities are vital to biogeochemical processes, with certain species playing a crucial role in mitigating cadmium (Cd) contamination, thereby safeguarding food quality and safety. This study investigates the effects of organic compound fertilizer application on soil bacterial communities and Cd pollution in County A, a key grain-producing region on China’s eastern coast. A total of 40 rice paddies were randomly selected, with control plots (C) receiving no fertilization and experimental plots (T) treated with compound organic fertilizer. Soil physicochemical properties and heavy metal content were analyzed through laboratory experiments, while high-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize bacterial community composition and its response to varying Cd contamination levels. The Geological Accumulation Index (GI) and Nerome Comprehensive Index (NI) were used to assess Cd pollution, revealing severe (IV, NI &gt; 3) and moderate (III, 2 &lt; NI ≤ 3) contamination levels. The results indicate that (1) bacterial richness indices (Chao and Jack) were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in group T than in group C, whereas diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson) were lower; (2) under severe Cd contamination, 13 bacterial phyla (e.g., Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Latescibacteria) and 8 genera (e.g., <i>Nitrospira</i>, <i>Nocardioides</i>, <i>Leptolyngbya</i>) exhibited significant correlations with heavy metal content (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn); and (3) functional analysis showed a higher abundance of pathways related to energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, general function prediction, and signal transduction mechanisms in group T, leading to significant shifts in bacterial community structure. These findings suggest that organic fertilizer application enhances bacterial species richness and promotes functional adaptations to Cd-contaminated environments, offering valuable insights for soil remediation strategies.</p>

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Impact of organic fertilizer on bacterial communities in paddy soil under different levels of cd pollution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月18日

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  • Yaoben Lin,
  • Xuewen Wang,
  • Ying Cai,
  • Guangyu Li,
  • Wei Shen,
  • Shengda Zhang

摘要

Soil bacterial communities are vital to biogeochemical processes, with certain species playing a crucial role in mitigating cadmium (Cd) contamination, thereby safeguarding food quality and safety. This study investigates the effects of organic compound fertilizer application on soil bacterial communities and Cd pollution in County A, a key grain-producing region on China’s eastern coast. A total of 40 rice paddies were randomly selected, with control plots (C) receiving no fertilization and experimental plots (T) treated with compound organic fertilizer. Soil physicochemical properties and heavy metal content were analyzed through laboratory experiments, while high-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize bacterial community composition and its response to varying Cd contamination levels. The Geological Accumulation Index (GI) and Nerome Comprehensive Index (NI) were used to assess Cd pollution, revealing severe (IV, NI > 3) and moderate (III, 2 < NI ≤ 3) contamination levels. The results indicate that (1) bacterial richness indices (Chao and Jack) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in group T than in group C, whereas diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson) were lower; (2) under severe Cd contamination, 13 bacterial phyla (e.g., Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Latescibacteria) and 8 genera (e.g., Nitrospira, Nocardioides, Leptolyngbya) exhibited significant correlations with heavy metal content (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn); and (3) functional analysis showed a higher abundance of pathways related to energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, general function prediction, and signal transduction mechanisms in group T, leading to significant shifts in bacterial community structure. These findings suggest that organic fertilizer application enhances bacterial species richness and promotes functional adaptations to Cd-contaminated environments, offering valuable insights for soil remediation strategies.