<p>In the context of climate change and sustainable development, building climate resilience is essential to help cities to cope with extreme weather events. However, comprehensive assessments of climate resilience and adaptive capacity among Chinese prefecture-level cities remain insufficient. This study constructed a multidimensional evaluation framework for urban climate resilience in terms of the robustness,&#xa0;rapidity, adaptability,&#xa0;and sustainability. Based on official data from multiple sources, the Climate Resilience Index (CRI) scores for 298 prefecture-level cities from 2002 to 2020 were calculated using the entropy weight method. According to the CRI scores and the coupling coordination of the four properties,&#xa0;the 298 cities were classified into four categories: leading cities, potential cities, backward cities, and unbalanced cities. The results show that from 2002 to 2020, the overall CRI of China’s cities has increased by 19.10%, and the coupling of the four properties has also increased, indicating that the overall development trend is favorable. The gaps between the leading and backward cities have been narrowing, and the development of China’s urban climate resilience has become more balanced. The findings underscore the necessity for locally tailored measures to address vulnerabilities specific to different types of cities regarding climate change adaptation, including policies related to economics, society, technology, government action, and talent training. This research framework is applicable to other countries or regions, providing scientific guidance and theoretical support for evaluating urban climate resilience.</p>