Are environmental regulations really effective in curbing agricultural carbon emissions?
摘要
Various environmental regulations have been adopted by governments to achieve sustainable agricultural development and further minimize agricultural carbon emissions. This study used data from 31 provinces (cities, districts) in China from 2001 to 2020 and examined the impact of formal and informal environmental regulations on agricultural carbon emission intensity using panel regression models, threshold models, and spatial econometric models. These are the principal findings: (1) Agricultural carbon emissions can be decreased by informal and formal environmental regulations through the advancement of technology, thus verifying the Porter hypothesis. (2) Environmental decentralization lessens the restrictive effect of environmental regulations on the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions. (3) There is a threshold effect on informal environmental regulations. When the threshold is above 1.569, informal environmental regulations have a substantial effect on reducing emissions. (4) Significant spatial spillover occurs when environmental regulations have an inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emission intensity; this spillover effect decreases as geographical distance increases. This offers the government a decision-making guide based on the aforementioned findings, with the goal of achieving sustainable agricultural development by increasing the effectiveness of environmental regulations and lowering agricultural carbon emissions.