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<p>Accurately identifying the complex provenance of surface soil in wind erosion transition zones provides the scientific foundation for assessing regional ecological sustainability. In such areas, the provenance of surface soil is highly complex, making it particularly challenging to reveal its pedogenesis and compositional characteristics. Given that these areas are predominantly located within agro-pastoral ecotones, the Zhangbei region along the northern margin of North China was selected as the study area. A total of 145 soil samples were systematically collected from 49 profiles. Principal component analysis, rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns, and major and trace element signatures collectively revealed a distinct two-layer structure in the soil profile: an upper layer of allochthonous aeolian deposits overlying weathered parent materials. The consistency of REE patterns with typical aeolian loess, the strong correlation between the Al/Si ratio and silt content, the weathering trend observed in the A–CN–K diagram, and the spatial distribution of the Al/Si ratio collectively suggested that the surface soil is of aeolian origin. The grain size composition and elemental ratios indicated that the aeolian deposits underwent postdepositional wind erosion, which gradually weakened over time. The higher total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface soil and the strong positive correlation between TOC and silt content suggested that the decline in wind erosion intensity was closely linked to vegetation recovery. This study provides scientific evidence and methodological support for using geochemical techniques to determine the provenance of soils with complex origins.</p>

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Double-layered soil profile structure in an agro-pastoral ecotone revealed by geochemical characteristics: implications for wind erosion in northern North China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Jian-Yu Liu,
  • Chun-Lei Zha,
  • Zhi-Qiang Yin,
  • Ling Peng,
  • Kai-Ning Lv,
  • Jun Li,
  • Guo-Li Yuan

摘要

Accurately identifying the complex provenance of surface soil in wind erosion transition zones provides the scientific foundation for assessing regional ecological sustainability. In such areas, the provenance of surface soil is highly complex, making it particularly challenging to reveal its pedogenesis and compositional characteristics. Given that these areas are predominantly located within agro-pastoral ecotones, the Zhangbei region along the northern margin of North China was selected as the study area. A total of 145 soil samples were systematically collected from 49 profiles. Principal component analysis, rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns, and major and trace element signatures collectively revealed a distinct two-layer structure in the soil profile: an upper layer of allochthonous aeolian deposits overlying weathered parent materials. The consistency of REE patterns with typical aeolian loess, the strong correlation between the Al/Si ratio and silt content, the weathering trend observed in the A–CN–K diagram, and the spatial distribution of the Al/Si ratio collectively suggested that the surface soil is of aeolian origin. The grain size composition and elemental ratios indicated that the aeolian deposits underwent postdepositional wind erosion, which gradually weakened over time. The higher total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface soil and the strong positive correlation between TOC and silt content suggested that the decline in wind erosion intensity was closely linked to vegetation recovery. This study provides scientific evidence and methodological support for using geochemical techniques to determine the provenance of soils with complex origins.