<p>This study uses Chinese A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2023 as the research sample. Focusing on the cross-sectoral digitalization gap between banks and enterprises, namely the Bank-enterprise Digital Gap, it examines the impact of this gap on corporate ESG performance and further investigates the moderating role of the business environment. The results show that the convergence of the Bank-enterprise Digital Gap significantly improves corporate ESG performance. In other words, the closer the alignment between the digitalization levels of banks and enterprises, the more conducive it is to firms’ adoption and implementation of ESG practices. Mechanism tests indicate that the convergence of the Bank-enterprise Digital Gap enhances corporate ESG performance primarily by reducing firms’ information search costs and risk premium costs. Heterogeneity analysis further reveals that this positive effect is more pronounced among non-state-owned enterprises, small-scale enterprises, and firms characterized by CEO duality. Furthermore, an improved business environment strengthens the positive effect of the convergence of the Bank-enterprise Digital Gap on corporate ESG performance. In particular, the innovation environment, financial services, and human resources environment exert significant positive moderating effects. This study extends the literature on the determinants of corporate ESG performance from the perspective of cross-sectoral digital matching between banks and enterprises, and reveals the mechanism through which digital collaboration empowers corporate sustainable development. The findings suggest that, while promoting the digital transformation of both the banking sector and enterprises, policymakers should also attach importance to narrowing the Bank-enterprise Digital Gap and continuously improving the business environment, thereby providing external support for enterprises to enhance ESG performance and contribute to the high-quality development of China’s economy.</p>