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<p>Soybean is one of the most important commodities in the world and is affected by several phytopathogens, such as the fungus <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, which can occur at all stages of development, causing significant production losses. The use of different cultural, chemical and genetic control strategies has shown low efficiency against this phytopathogen. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i>, <i>T. endophyticum,</i> and <i>T. harzianum</i> in seed treatment to control <i>M. phaseolina</i> and promote plant growth. Healthy seeds inoculated with <i>M. phaseolina</i> were treated with the three <i>Trichoderma</i> species, the plant growth regulator Stimulate®, the insecticide Thiamethoxam, and combinations of <i>Trichoderma</i> species with Stimulate® or Thiamethoxam. The antagonistic capacity of <i>Trichoderma</i> species against <i>M. phaseolina</i>, their compatibility with Stimulate® and Thiamethoxam, seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, and their dry biomass were evaluated. <i>Trichoderma</i> species showed antagonism against <i>M. phaseolina</i>, especially <i>T. endophyticum</i>. <i>In vitro</i>, Stimulate® reduced the growth of <i>T. endophyticum</i> and <i>T. harzianum</i>, while Thiamethoxam reduced the growth of <i>T. harzianum</i>. <i>M. phaseolina</i> reduced soybean seed germination by approximately 80%. The three <i>Trichoderma</i> species increased the germination and vigor of infected seeds. In healthy seeds, <i>T. harzianum</i> reduced germination, while <i>T. endophyticum</i> combined with Stimulate® increased seedling vigor. These results show that <i>T. endophyticum</i>, <i>T. harzianum,</i> and <i>T. asperellum</i> are effective in treating seeds infected with <i>M. phaseolina</i>, and that the use of <i>T. harzianum</i> isolate CCT 7589 is not recommended for the treatment of healthy soybean seeds.</p>

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Trichoderma endophyticum, T. asperellum, and T. harzianum suppress charcoal rot in soybean seeds infected by Macrophomina phaseolina

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Jayne Deboni da Veiga,
  • Juliane Ludwig,
  • Samuel Francisco Chitolina,
  • José Carlos Júnior da Cruz de Camargo,
  • Eveline Ferreira Soares,
  • Thainá Fogliatto Moreira,
  • André Costa da Silva

摘要

Soybean is one of the most important commodities in the world and is affected by several phytopathogens, such as the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, which can occur at all stages of development, causing significant production losses. The use of different cultural, chemical and genetic control strategies has shown low efficiency against this phytopathogen. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Trichoderma asperellum, T. endophyticum, and T. harzianum in seed treatment to control M. phaseolina and promote plant growth. Healthy seeds inoculated with M. phaseolina were treated with the three Trichoderma species, the plant growth regulator Stimulate®, the insecticide Thiamethoxam, and combinations of Trichoderma species with Stimulate® or Thiamethoxam. The antagonistic capacity of Trichoderma species against M. phaseolina, their compatibility with Stimulate® and Thiamethoxam, seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, and their dry biomass were evaluated. Trichoderma species showed antagonism against M. phaseolina, especially T. endophyticum. In vitro, Stimulate® reduced the growth of T. endophyticum and T. harzianum, while Thiamethoxam reduced the growth of T. harzianum. M. phaseolina reduced soybean seed germination by approximately 80%. The three Trichoderma species increased the germination and vigor of infected seeds. In healthy seeds, T. harzianum reduced germination, while T. endophyticum combined with Stimulate® increased seedling vigor. These results show that T. endophyticum, T. harzianum, and T. asperellum are effective in treating seeds infected with M. phaseolina, and that the use of T. harzianum isolate CCT 7589 is not recommended for the treatment of healthy soybean seeds.