Synthesis and bioactivity assessment of trisindoline derivatives as agrochemical agents
摘要
The impact of economically significant pathogens has hindered agricultural productivity, worsened by the recent ban on key bactericides and nematicides, highlighting the urgent need for innovative agrochemicals. To address this, N-1 alkylated trisindoline derivatives were synthesized from isatin and indole, characterized using advanced spectroscopy, and evaluated for antioxidant, antimicrobial and nematicidal properties. In vitro studies, including in silico analysis and acetylcholinesterase inhibition assays, identified compounds 4l (3,3-di(1H-indol-3-yl)-5-nitroindolin-2-one) and 4m (3,3-bis(6-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-nitroindolin-2-one) as highly effective against Dickeya sp., Streptomyces sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita. For egg hatch inhibition LC50/LC95 values were 0.212/1.864 mg/ml 4l and 0.134/0.984 mg/ml 4m, while for juvenile mortality, LC50/LC95 values were 0.174/1.532 mg/ml 4l and 0.119/0.892 mg/ml 4m. The encouraging in vitro findings were further supported by in vivo studies on tomato plants. This research provides crucial insights into mitigating biotic stresses that impact crop health and yield, while emphasizing the potential of the synthesized compounds as potent nematicidal and agrochemical agents.