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<p>This study investigated the efficacy of carbendazim-loaded chitosan nanoformulation (NF), which was synthesized and characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The stable NF exhibited a mean particle size of 130.1&#xa0;nm and demonstrated successful incorporation of carbendazim into chitosan NF. <i>In vitro</i> antifungal assays revealed NF inhibition rates of 61.1% and 67.8% against <i>Nigrospora oryzae</i> and <i>Fusarium ciceri</i>, respectively, compared to 45.6% and 42.2% inhibition achieved by conventional carbendazim. Furthermore, carbendazim NF affected membrane permeability and caused fungal death and lysis of the fungal pathogens <i>N. oryzae</i> and <i>F. ciceri</i>. Greenhouse studies confirmed NFs superior efficacy by enhancing root length shoot length compared with infected controls. In rice plants, NF showed 20.83% disease incidence (DI) and in chickpea 15.55% compared to the infected control plants (100%). These findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology to improve crop protection strategies sustainably.</p>

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Efficacy of carbendazim-loaded chitosan nanoformulation against Nigrospora oryzae and Fusarium ciceri in rice and chickpea: In vitro and in vivo evaluations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Sapna Chandwani,
  • Chandrika Wadhel,
  • Salim Manoharadas,
  • Hetvi Naik,
  • John Thomas,
  • Ganesh Kumar Anbazhagan,
  • Muthu Thiruvengadam,
  • Natarajan Amaresan

摘要

This study investigated the efficacy of carbendazim-loaded chitosan nanoformulation (NF), which was synthesized and characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The stable NF exhibited a mean particle size of 130.1 nm and demonstrated successful incorporation of carbendazim into chitosan NF. In vitro antifungal assays revealed NF inhibition rates of 61.1% and 67.8% against Nigrospora oryzae and Fusarium ciceri, respectively, compared to 45.6% and 42.2% inhibition achieved by conventional carbendazim. Furthermore, carbendazim NF affected membrane permeability and caused fungal death and lysis of the fungal pathogens N. oryzae and F. ciceri. Greenhouse studies confirmed NFs superior efficacy by enhancing root length shoot length compared with infected controls. In rice plants, NF showed 20.83% disease incidence (DI) and in chickpea 15.55% compared to the infected control plants (100%). These findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology to improve crop protection strategies sustainably.