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<p>Grey mould, caused by&#xa0;<i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, is a significant pathogen necessitating high fungicide dependence in strawberry fields, potentially leading to losses of up to 55%. Molecular assessments and differentiation between ten different&#xa0;<i>Botrytis</i>&#xa0;isolates were performed using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). There is a need for reliable biocontrol agents (BCAs) that offer improved control efficiency to replace chemical fungicides. In this study, the effects of four treatments involving green chemicals, the biocontrol agent&#xa0;<i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i>, and their combinations as alternative fungicides were examined for controlling&#xa0;<i>B. cinerea</i>&#xa0;on strawberries. The study also assessed the productivity of plants and the chemical and physical properties of the fruits. Putative mechanisms of action associated with the alternative fungicide against&#xa0;<i>B. californica</i>&#xa0;were investigated through both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assays. Results revealed that PR3 expression was noted in isolates 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9, with isolate number 7 (<i>B. californica</i>) showing the most pronounced PPO value compared to ten studied isolates. Plants treated with&#xa0;<i>T. longibrachiatum</i>&#xa0;and a formula consisting of Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (P) 0.4% + 0.05% citric acid (CA) demonstrated a 53.8% increase in fruit production and a reduction in fruit rot disease severity by 66.24% compared to the control at the end of the season. The greatest efficacy in controlling&#xa0;<i>B. cinerea</i>&#xa0;in stored fruits was achieved with this novel formula, which contributes to reliable biocontrol synergism with green chemicals against grey mould, enhancing the shelf life of strawberries. Additionally, there was a reduction of 79% and 86.5% in losses, respectively, when treated with Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (P) 0.4% + 0.05% citric acid (CA). Plants treated with this formula produced a significantly higher yield of marketable fruits. These findings suggest that the alternative fungicide formula, alone or in combination with green chemicals and bioagents, can facilitate a transition from chemical fungicides to sustainable methods without compromising crop security.</p>

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Utilizing safe biotic and abiotic alternatives to control botrytis californica, a new cryptic Species in the botrytis cinerea complex, and enhance strawberry quality and shelf life

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Safaa A. M. Yousef,
  • Sherien E. Sobhy,
  • Ahmed A. Saleh,
  • Elsayed E. Hafez

摘要

Grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a significant pathogen necessitating high fungicide dependence in strawberry fields, potentially leading to losses of up to 55%. Molecular assessments and differentiation between ten different Botrytis isolates were performed using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). There is a need for reliable biocontrol agents (BCAs) that offer improved control efficiency to replace chemical fungicides. In this study, the effects of four treatments involving green chemicals, the biocontrol agent Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and their combinations as alternative fungicides were examined for controlling B. cinerea on strawberries. The study also assessed the productivity of plants and the chemical and physical properties of the fruits. Putative mechanisms of action associated with the alternative fungicide against B. californica were investigated through both in vitro and in vivo assays. Results revealed that PR3 expression was noted in isolates 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9, with isolate number 7 (B. californica) showing the most pronounced PPO value compared to ten studied isolates. Plants treated with T. longibrachiatum and a formula consisting of Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (P) 0.4% + 0.05% citric acid (CA) demonstrated a 53.8% increase in fruit production and a reduction in fruit rot disease severity by 66.24% compared to the control at the end of the season. The greatest efficacy in controlling B. cinerea in stored fruits was achieved with this novel formula, which contributes to reliable biocontrol synergism with green chemicals against grey mould, enhancing the shelf life of strawberries. Additionally, there was a reduction of 79% and 86.5% in losses, respectively, when treated with Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (P) 0.4% + 0.05% citric acid (CA). Plants treated with this formula produced a significantly higher yield of marketable fruits. These findings suggest that the alternative fungicide formula, alone or in combination with green chemicals and bioagents, can facilitate a transition from chemical fungicides to sustainable methods without compromising crop security.