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<p>The Alto Paranaíba region, located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, is one of the largest garlic producers in Brazil, but little is known about the occurrence and incidence of viral diseases in the region. This study aimed to identify the main viral species in garlic and determine the occurrence, incidence and spatial distribution of the disease in ten commercial garlic planting areas in the city of São Gotardo. Each sampled area was divided into subareas, and in each subarea the plants were visually assessed for the presence or absence of mosaic symptoms. In addition, 25 leaves were randomly collected in each subarea to identify the viruses present by means of RT-PCR. The incidence of viruses in the ten areas was quite variable, and four of them had a lower incidence, ranging from 2.9% to 16.7%. Two of the others presented incidences of 42.9% and 86.4%, while four showed an incidence of 100%. Symptomatic plants showed an aggregated spatial distribution pattern in 90% in the running test and a random distribution in 63.3% in the doublet test in the analyzed areas. The dispersion index in 63.3% of the blocks indicated a regular spatial pattern. All symptomatic samples collected were positive by RT-PCR for the presence of one or more virus species belonging to the genera <i>Potyvirus</i>, <i>Carlavirus</i> and <i>Allexivirus</i>. These results demonstrate the importance of using virus-free propagation material because the presence of the inoculum at the beginning of the crop cycle means more time for dissemination and impairment of productivity.</p>

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Spatial analysis of garlic viruses in the Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais-Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月23日

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  • Gabriela Ribeiro Gontijo,
  • Antonia dos Reis Figueira,
  • Antonia Thalyta Lopes Silveira,
  • Marcos Levi Medeiros,
  • Edson Ampélio Pozza

摘要

The Alto Paranaíba region, located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, is one of the largest garlic producers in Brazil, but little is known about the occurrence and incidence of viral diseases in the region. This study aimed to identify the main viral species in garlic and determine the occurrence, incidence and spatial distribution of the disease in ten commercial garlic planting areas in the city of São Gotardo. Each sampled area was divided into subareas, and in each subarea the plants were visually assessed for the presence or absence of mosaic symptoms. In addition, 25 leaves were randomly collected in each subarea to identify the viruses present by means of RT-PCR. The incidence of viruses in the ten areas was quite variable, and four of them had a lower incidence, ranging from 2.9% to 16.7%. Two of the others presented incidences of 42.9% and 86.4%, while four showed an incidence of 100%. Symptomatic plants showed an aggregated spatial distribution pattern in 90% in the running test and a random distribution in 63.3% in the doublet test in the analyzed areas. The dispersion index in 63.3% of the blocks indicated a regular spatial pattern. All symptomatic samples collected were positive by RT-PCR for the presence of one or more virus species belonging to the genera Potyvirus, Carlavirus and Allexivirus. These results demonstrate the importance of using virus-free propagation material because the presence of the inoculum at the beginning of the crop cycle means more time for dissemination and impairment of productivity.