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<p>Himalayan High-altitude wetlands (HAWs) are productive but ecologically fragile ecosystems that store carbon and influence regional biogeochemical cycles. Despite their ecological importance, these wetlands remain poorly studied. This study quantifies and characterizes soil organic carbon (SOC) across three distinct HAWs, two in Sikkim (Tsomgo and Hanspokhri) and one in Ladakh (Tso Moriri), with the aim of identifying the environmental factors governing SOC distribution and quality. Soil samples were analyzed for organic carbon content, physicochemical parameters (moisture, bulk density, texture, and pH), glomalin-related soil protein, and major nutrients to evaluate their collective influence on carbon dynamics. Soil moisture, bulk density, texture, and pH emerged as the main controls on SOC concentration and stability. The maximum carbon stock within the top 30&#xa0;cm was observed in the ecologically undisturbed Hanspokhri Lake (301&#xa0;Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>), followed by Tsomgo Lake (135&#xa0;Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>) and Tso Moriri Lake (17&#xa0;Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>). Variations in carbon lability among the wetlands reflect the contrasting climatic and geomorphic settings between the eastern and western Himalayas. Furthermore, the strong association between soil nutrients and both labile and non-labile SOC fractions suggests a close coupling between nutrient dynamics and carbon cycling, which is key to wetland soil functioning. These results underscore the significance of high-altitude wetlands as carbon sinks and highlight SOC lability and stability as useful indicators of wetland health, with direct relevance for conservation planning.</p>

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Quantification and characterization of soil organic carbon with different environmental gradients for the high altitude wetlands of Indian Himalaya

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Narayan P. Anugraha,
  • D. Ganguly,
  • A. Paneer Selvam,
  • Kakolee Banerjee,
  • M. Harikrishna Prasad,
  • Lakpa Tamang,
  • Sushmita Chettri,
  • Anupriya Soni,
  • Rajesh Joshi,
  • Ajay Kumar Gupta,
  • Prakash Chhetri,
  • Ramachandran Purvaja

摘要

Himalayan High-altitude wetlands (HAWs) are productive but ecologically fragile ecosystems that store carbon and influence regional biogeochemical cycles. Despite their ecological importance, these wetlands remain poorly studied. This study quantifies and characterizes soil organic carbon (SOC) across three distinct HAWs, two in Sikkim (Tsomgo and Hanspokhri) and one in Ladakh (Tso Moriri), with the aim of identifying the environmental factors governing SOC distribution and quality. Soil samples were analyzed for organic carbon content, physicochemical parameters (moisture, bulk density, texture, and pH), glomalin-related soil protein, and major nutrients to evaluate their collective influence on carbon dynamics. Soil moisture, bulk density, texture, and pH emerged as the main controls on SOC concentration and stability. The maximum carbon stock within the top 30 cm was observed in the ecologically undisturbed Hanspokhri Lake (301 Mg C ha−1), followed by Tsomgo Lake (135 Mg C ha−1) and Tso Moriri Lake (17 Mg C ha−1). Variations in carbon lability among the wetlands reflect the contrasting climatic and geomorphic settings between the eastern and western Himalayas. Furthermore, the strong association between soil nutrients and both labile and non-labile SOC fractions suggests a close coupling between nutrient dynamics and carbon cycling, which is key to wetland soil functioning. These results underscore the significance of high-altitude wetlands as carbon sinks and highlight SOC lability and stability as useful indicators of wetland health, with direct relevance for conservation planning.